Implementasi PID Navigasi Pelacakan Titik Api dengan Sensor Flame Array pada Robot Hexapod untuk Kontes Robot Pemadam Api Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/biste.v1i3.1126Keywords:
Hexapod, PID, Sensor, flame array, Light FollowingAbstract
Robot Hexapod Pemadam Api merupakan robot berkaki 6 yang bertugas menyusuri ruangan labirin untuk menemukan dan memadamkan api dalam waktu yang singkat. Dalam menjalankan tugasnya dibutuhkan 2 buah sensor untuk menjalankan tugas ini yaitu sensor flame array dan sensor Sharp GP. Sensor flame array terdiri dari 16 buah sensor flame yang digunakan untuk mengetahui nilai error berdasarkan letak keberadaan api yang mampu dijangkau dalam rentang horisontal 180 derajat. Sementara sensor Sharp GP berfungsi untuk mengetahui jarak antara robot dengan lilin sebagai sumber api. Kedua sensor ini berperan sebagai pelengkap dalam bernavigasi light following agar robot mampu menemukan, menghampiri, dan memposisikan bagian tengah muka robot berhadapan dengan api tanpa menabraknya. Dalam bernavigasi robot dikontrol oleh Pengendali PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative). Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa pengendali proportional berperan mempercepat robot mengarah ke api. Pengendali derivative berperan dalam meredam terjadinya osilasi yang disebabkan kontrol proportional dalam mengejar titik api. Sementara kontrol integral berperan dalam merevisi kekeliruan robot pada set point. Hasil pengujian lain menunjukan keberhasilan dari implementasi pada robot hexapod untuk memadamkan api membutuhkan waktu rata-rata 5,5 detik. Sementara nilai parameter PID terbaik adalah Kp=35, Ki=20, dan Kd=20.
Fire Extinguisher Hexapod Robot is a 6-legged robot whose job is to navigate the labyrinth room to find and extinguish the fire in a short time. In carrying out their duties, two sensors are needed to carry out this task, namely the flame array sensor and the Sharp GP sensor. The flame array sensor consists of 16 flame sensors that are used to determine the error value based on the location of the existence of a fire that can be reached within the horizontal range of 180 degrees. While the Sharp GP sensor functions to determine the distance between the robot and the candle as a source of the fire. Both of these sensors act as a complement in navigating the light following so that the robot is able to find, approach, and position the center of the face of the robot facing the fire without crashing into it. In navigating the robot is controlled by PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) Controller. The test results show that the proportional controller has the role of accelerating the robot to fire. The derivative controller plays a role in reducing the occurrence of oscillations caused by proportional control in the pursuit of hotspots. While integral control plays a role in revising the errors of the robot at the set point. Other test results show the success of the implementation of the hexapod robot to extinguish the fire takes an average of 5.5 seconds. While the best PID parameter values are Kp = 35, Ki = 20, and Kd = 20.
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