Deteksi Gangguan Emosi dan Perilaku Disruptif Pada Anak Usia Prasekolah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26555/jecce.v2i1.566Keywords:
perilaku disruptif, anak prasekolah, gangguan emosi, deteksi diniAbstract
Masalah emosi dan perilaku merupakan keluhan yang kerap muncul dalam setting pendidikan anak usia dini. Fenomena di lapangan menunjukkan adanya kesulitan yang dialami guru dalam membedakan mana masalah emosi dan perilaku yang memerlukan intervensi lebih lanjut dan tidak. Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan data pendahuluan (baseline research) tentang gejala gangguan emosi dan perilaku disruptif pada anak usia prasekolah di sekolah mitra program studi PGPAUD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif, menggunakan observasi dan wawancara mendalam terhadap guru. Observasi dan wawancara dilaksanakan dengan mengacu pada panduan diagnosa gangguan emosi dan perilaku disruptif (DSM IV). Upaya deteksi gejala gangguan emosi dan perilaku disruptif ini dilaksanakan di lima sekolah mitra PGPAUD UAD di wilayah Yogyakarta, yang sebelumnya telah melaporkan adanya berbagai masalah emosi dan perilaku yang muncul pada peserta didiknya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 61 anak yang memiliki kecenderungan mengalami gangguan perilaku, gangguan emosi dan keduanya sekaligus. Anak dengan klasifikasi gejala gangguan perilaku disruptif ADHD ditemukan sebanyak 37 anak atau sebesar 9,2%. Ditemukan 10 anak atau sebesar 2,5% anak dari total populasi memunculkan gejala ODD. Gejala Conduct Disorder (CD) ditemukan pada 3 orang anak atau sebesar 0,7% dan gangguan emosi yang dideteksi pada penelitian ini ditemukan sebesar 2,7% atau sejumlah 11 orang anak. Prevalensi komorbiditas paling besar ditemukan pada jenis gangguan ADHD dan ODD.
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