Transfer Learning Models for Precision Medicine: A Review of Current Applications
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/biste.v7i3.14286Keywords:
Transfer Learning, Precision Medicine, Medical Imaging, Deep Learning, Personalized HealthcareAbstract
In recent years, Transfer Learning (TL) models have demonstrated significant promise in advancing precision medicine by enabling the application of machine learning techniques to medical data with limited labeled information. TL overcomes the challenge of acquiring large, labeled datasets, which is often a limitation in medical fields. By leveraging knowledge from pre-trained models, TL offers a solution to improve diagnostic accuracy and decision-making processes in various healthcare domains, including medical imaging, disease classification, and genomics. The research contribution of this review is to systematically examine the current applications of TL models in precision medicine, providing insights into how these models have been successfully implemented to improve patient outcomes across different medical specialties. In this review, studies sourced from the Scopus database, all published in 2024 and selected for their "open access" availability, were analyzed. The research methods involved using TL techniques like fine-tuning, feature-based learning, and model-based transfer learning on diverse datasets. The results of the studies demonstrated that TL models significantly enhanced the accuracy of medical diagnoses, particularly in areas such as brain tumor detection, diabetic retinopathy, and COVID-19 detection. Furthermore, these models facilitated the classification of rare diseases, offering valuable contributions to personalized medicine. In conclusion, Transfer Learning has the potential to revolutionize precision medicine by providing cost-effective and scalable solutions for improving diagnostic capabilities and treatment personalization. The continued development and integration of TL models in clinical practice promise to further enhance the quality of patient care.
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