Allegations of Misconduct

The journal published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan adheres uncompromisingly to the flowcharts and procedures defined by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) when handling allegations of research misconduct before or after publication.

Research misconduct includes, but is not limited to:
- Data Fabrication: Making up research data or experimental outcomes.
- Data Falsification: Manipulating research materials, processes, or altering data to deceive results.
- Plagiarism: Using the ideas, text, or figures of others without attribution.
- Citation Manipulation: Self-citation rings or coercive citations.
- Ghost, Guest, or Gift Authorship.

Investigation Procedure:
1. Whistleblowing & Receipt: Allegations submitted in writing with verifiable evidence to the Editor-in-Chief will be acknowledged within 3 working days.
2. Confidential Assessment: The Editor-in-Chief and an Ethics Ad-Hoc Committee formed under Universitas Ahmad Dahlan conduct a confidential preliminary inquiry.
3. Author's Right of Reply: The corresponding author is presented with the evidence and given 14 business days to provide a substantive explanation.
4. Institutional Escalation: If the response is unsatisfactory or unconvincing, the journal escalates the case to the Research Ethics Committee of Universitas Ahmad Dahlan and the author's home university/institution.
5. Sanctions: Confirmed misconduct will result in immediate manuscript rejection, formal notification to institutional leadership, a 3-year publication ban, and/or public article retraction.