Urgensi Akal dalam Asbāb Al-Nuzūl QS. Al-Nisa’ 54 dan 59
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/taqaddumi.v2i1.6160Keywords:
Al-Qur’an, Tafsir, Asbāb Al-NuzūlAbstract
It is generally defined that asbāb al-nuzūl is a question or event which is specifically explained by the verse that was revealed and is related to the question or event. QS. Al-Nisa: 54 explains the meaning behind the reproaches of the Jews for the polygamy of the Prophet Muhammad, while QS. Al-Nisa: 59 explains the urgency of ‘aql in understanding naql. This study describes in depth the ‘ibrah of the two asbāb al-nuzūl through a literature review. The historical approach is used as an analytical instrument so that the description of this research can be well narrated chronologically. The researcher concludes from the two asbāb al-nuzūl that hatred causes subjectivity, and the understanding of naql can be rejected if it conflicts with ‘aql.
Secara umum, asbāb al-nuzūl dapat didefinisikan sebagai pertanyaan atau kejadian yang dijelaskan secara spesifik oleh ayat yang turun dan terkait dengan pertanyaan atau kejadian tersebut. Turunnya QS. Al-Nisa: 54 menjelaskan makna dibalik celaan orang Yahudi terhadap poligami Rasulullah SAW, sedangkan QS. Al-Nisa: 59 menerangkan urgensi ‘aql dalam memahami naql. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan secara mendalam ‘ibrah dari dua asbāb al-nuzūl tersebut melalui kajian kepustakaan. Pendekatan sejarah digunakan sebagai pisau analisis, sehingga deskripsi penelitian ini dapat dinarasikan dengan baik secara kronologis. Peneliti menyimpulkan dari dua asbāb al-nuzūl tersebut bahwa kebencian itu melahirkan subjektifitas dan pemahaman terhadap naql dapat ditolak jika bertentangan dengan ‘aql.
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