Enhancing speaking skills amidst and beyond the Covid-19 pandemic: Innovative strategies from teachers' perspectives for high school EFL learners
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/eltej.v5i3.8065Keywords:
Activities for speaking skills, Activities during covid 19 pandemic, Activities post covid 19 pandemic, online learning, offline learningAbstract
The success of English language learners is determined by their capacity for effective English communication. The purposes of this study are firstly to examine what activities university teachers employ to enhance students' speaking skills during and post-COVID-19 pandemic and secondly investigate the differences in teaching speaking skills during and post-COVID pandemic. The researchers select seven English instructors as participants using a qualitative descriptive research design. All participants were English lecturers at a Yogyakarta private university. Participants include three female and four male teachers taken using purposive sampling method. Using an interview guide, the researchers conducted interviews with the participants to collect data. The findings show ten activities lecturers utilize to instruct speaking skills during and post-pandemic. The activities include giving speaking practices, making group work activities, retelling stories, or experiences, assigning role play and presentations, asking students to record activities, providing communicating exposures, practicing interviews, and producing a vlog. During and post the pandemic, the second set of findings highlights the differences in teaching speaking during and post pandemics, covering the nature of the activities in terms of flexibility, degree of control, and engagement.
References
Basar, Z. M., Mansor, A. N., Jamaludin, K. A., & Alias, B. S. (2021). The effectiveness and challenges of online learning for secondary school students - A case study. Asian Journal of University Education, 17(3), 119-129. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v17i3.14514
Burns, A., & Richards, J. C. (Eds.). (2018). The Cambridge guide to learning English as a second language. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009024761
Bustari, A., Samad, I. A., & Achmad, D. (2017). The use of podcasts in improving students' speaking skill. JELE (Journal of English Language and Education), 3(2), 97-111. https://doi.org/10.26486/jele.v3i2.256
Cervini, C., & Zingaro, A. (2021, July). When learning Italian as a second language, tourism and technology go hand in hand. 7th International Conference on Higher Education Advances (HEAd'21). https://doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12961
Chik, A. (2018). Learning beyond the classroom. In A. Burns & J. C. Richards (Eds.), The Cambridge guide to learning english as a second language (pp. 118-125). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009024761.017
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2015). Basics of qualitative research. SAGE.
Creswell, J. W. (2015). Revisiting Mixed Methods and Advancing Scientific Practices. In S. N. Hesse-Biber & R. B. Johnson (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Multimethod and Mixed Methods Research Inquiry (Oxford Library of Psychology). Oxford Academic. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199933624.013.39
Dayagbil, F. T., Palompon, D. R., Garcia, L. L., & Olvido, M. M. J. (2021). Teaching and learning continuity amid and beyond the pandemic. Frontiers in Education, 6(July), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.678692
Doyle, L., McCabe, C., Keogh, B., Brady, A., & McCann, M. (2020). An overview of the qualitative descriptive design within nursing research. Journal of Research in Nursing, 25(5), 443-455. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744987119880234
Duff, P., Surtees, V., Burns, A., & Richards, J. (2018). Learning through social interaction. Cambridge guide to learning a second language, 101-109. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009024761.015
East, M., Samuda, V., Van den Branden, K., & Bygate, M. (2018). How do beginning teachers conceptualise and enact tasks in school foreign language classrooms. TBLT as a researched pedagogy, 23-50. https://doi.org/10.1075/tblt.12.02eas
Eriksson, L., Busby, N., & Warnby, M. (2023, January). Preparing students for academic reading in English: A comparative study of Swedish and Norwegian university-preparatory curricula. In ISCOD-International Symposium on Comparative Didactics, Örebro, Sweden,
Ghiabi, S. (2014). International journal of English and education investigating the effects of story retelling technique as a closed task vs story-completion as an open task on EFL learners ' speaking. International Journal of English and Education, 3(3), 23.
Hanafiah, A. D., & Aziz, A. A. (2022). Opportunities and challenges in ESL online learning environment: A review of literature. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(1), 1721-1730. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i1/12062
Handoyo, R. D. (2020). Editorial: Impact of Covid 19 on trade, FDI, real exchange rate and era of digitalization: Brief review global economy during pandemic. JDE (Journal of Developing Economies), 5(2), 84–88. https://doi.org/10.20473/jde.v5i2.23641
King, D. (2012). New perspectives on context-based chemistry education: Using a dialectical sociocultural approach to view teaching and learning. Studies in Science Education, 48(1), 51-87. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057267.2012.655037
King, j. (2002). Preparing EFL Learners for Oral Presentation. The Internet TESL Journal, 8(3). http://iteslj.org/Lessons/King-PublicSpeaking.html
Koran, S. (2015, April). The role of teachers in developing learners' speaking skill. In 6th International Visible Conference on Educational Studies and Applied Linguistics, April (pp. 400-4016).
Kristianto, H., & Gandajaya, L. (2023). Offline vs. online problem-based learning: A case study of student engagement and learning outcomes. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 20(1), 106-121. https://doi.org/10.1108/ITSE-09-2021-0166
Kurniawan, B. (2016). Code-mixing on Facebook postings by EFL students: A small scale study at an SMP in Tangerang. Indonesian JELT: Indonesian Journal of English Language Teaching, 11(2), 169-180. https://doi.org/10.25170/ijelt.v11i2.1496
Namaziandost, E., Saray, A. A., & Esfahani, F. R. (2018). The effect of writing practice on improving speaking skill among pre-intermediate EFL learners. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 8(12), 1690-1697. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0812.16
Paterson, S., & Fisher, M. (2022). Writing for conservation—a skill for life. Oryx, 56(6), 801-802. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0030605322001351
Ramadhan. (2022, December 30). Pemerintah Putuskan Cabut PPKM Mulai Hari Ini [Government Decides to Lift PPKM Starting Today]. Retrieved from https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2022/12/30/14381381/pemerintah-putuskan-cabut-ppkm-mulai-hari-ini
Rao, P. S. (2019). The importance of speaking skills in English classrooms. Alford Council of International English & Literature Journal (ACIELJ), 2(2), 6-18.
Rashid, S., & Qaisar, S. (2017). Role play: A productive teaching strategy to promote critical thinking. Bulletin of Education and Research, 39(2), 197-213.
Richards, J. C. (2015). Error analysis: Perspectives on second language acquisition. Routledge.
Saddour, I. (2020). Methodological considerations when piloting an interview protocol: the example of Syrian asylum seekers in France. Journal of French Language Studies, 30(2), 211-238. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0959269520000101
Saputra, R. I., & Kusuma, W. A. (2022). Evaluation of the usability learning management system during the Covid-19 pandemic using the scale system. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute Journal, 5(2), 13771-13777.
Schwarz, J., Li, K. K., Sim, J. H., Zhang, Y., Buchanan-Worster, E., Post, B., ... & McDougall, K. (2022). Semantic cues modulate children's and adults' processing of audio-visual face mask speech. Frontiers in psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.879156
Sim, J., & Post, B. (2022). Variation in quality of maternal input and development of coda stops in English-speaking children in Singapore. Journal of Child Language, 49(6), 1147-1172. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000921000593
Singh, C. K. S. (2020). The use of think pair share of cooperative learning to improve weak students’ speaking ability. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(5), 4008–4023. https://doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i5/pr2020111
Stahl, N. A., & King, J. R. (2020). Expanding approaches for research: Understanding and using trustworthiness in qualitative research. Journal of Developmental Education, 44(1), 26-28.
Stevens, R. (2015). Role-play and student engagement: reflections from the classroom. Teaching in Higher Education, 20(5), 481–492. https://doi.org/10.1080/13562517.2015.1020778
Tavares, D. A., & Amaral, A. (2006). OECD: Funding systems and their effects on higher education systems, Portugal. November. https://www.oecd.org/portugal/38308060.pdf%5Cnwww.oecd.org/portugal/38308060.pdf
Thir, V. (2023). Co-text, context, and listening proficiency as crucial variables in intelligibility among nonnative users of English. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0272263123000207
Turan, Z., Kucuk, S., & Cilligol Karabey, S. (2022). The university students' self-regulated effort, flexibility, and satisfaction in distance education. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-022-00342-w
UNESCO. (2020, March 5). 290 million students out of school due to COVID-19: UNESCO releases first global numbers and mobilizes response. Retrieved from https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/290-million-students-out-school-due-covid-19-unesco-releases-first-global-numbers-and-mobilizes
Williams, M., & Moser, T. (2019). The art of coding and thematic exploration in qualitative research. International Management Review, 15(1), 45-55.
Yu, Z., Gao, M., & Wang, L. (2021). The effect of educational games on learning outcomes, student motivation, engagement and satisfaction. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 59(3), 522-546. https://doi.org/10.1177/0735633120969214
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Suryanto Suryanto, Eko Purwanti, Bambang Widi Pratolo, Felansonia Azhima Dewanti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish in ELTEJ agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the ELTEJ right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in ELTEJ. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in ELTEJ. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).