Product pricing based on customer perception quality and service convenience using interval type-2 fuzzy logic system
Keywords:
Product pricing, Customer perception quality, Service Convenience, Interval type-2 fuzzy logic systemAbstract
In the competitive landscape of customer goods, particularly in the wrapping paper industry, pricing strategies are critical to achieving market success. This study presents a novel approach to product pricing by integrating customer perception quality and service and convenience factors using interval type-2 fuzzy logic system (IT2FLS). The customer perception quality factor is subdivided into material quality and aesthetics design sub-factors while the service and convenience factor comprise web-based ordering system as well as the web-based post-sale customer engagement. The methodology involves collecting data through customer surveys and expert evaluations to quantify the perceived importance and performance of each sub-factor. The IT2FLS is employed to handle the inherent uncertainty and imprecision in experts’ judgment, providing a robust framework for aggregating these qualitative assessments into a comprehensive pricing model. This IT2FLS allows for the dynamic adjustment of pricing based on fluctuating customer perceptions and service levels. The outcome of the proposed IT2FLS is a pricing factor that serves as a multiplier for the standard product price established by the company. The new product prices have been validated also considering historical data and it was found that the prices remain acceptable to customers without drastically impacting sales. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on pricing strategies by offering a sophisticated, mathematically grounded approach that accounts for the complex, fuzzy nature of customer preferences. The proposed model not only enhances pricing accuracy but also provides a flexible tool for managers to adapt pricing strategies in real-time based on customer feedback and service performance.
References
P. K. S. Prakash, N. Gandhi, and S. Jain, “Bayesrec: Personalize Search Ranking with Customer Attribute-Level Willingness-To-Pay using Heterogeneous Booking Choice Data”, International Journal of Hospitality Management, vol. 94, pp. 1-11, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2021.102885.
G. T. Cos¸kun, and A. Y. Yalçıner, “Determining the Best Price with Linear Performance Pricing and Checking with Fuzzy Logic”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, vol. 154, pp. 1-14. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2021.107150.
J. Zhao, W. Tang, and J. Wei, “Pricing Decision for Substitutable Products with Retail Competition in a Fuzzy Environment”, International Journal of Production Economics, vol. 135, pp. 144-153, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.12.024.
G. P. Cachon, and C. Terwiesch, “Retail Assortment Planning in the Presence of Consumer Search”, Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 330-346, 2005, doi: 10.1287/msom.1050.0088.
A. G. Kok, and M. L. Fisher, “Demand estimation and assortment optimization under substitution: methodology and application”, Operations Research, vol. 55, no. 6, pp. 1001–1021, 2007, doi: 10.1287/opre.1070.0409.
R. H. W. Boyer, A. D. Hunka, M. Linder, K. A. Whalen, and S. Habibi, “Product Labels for the Circular Economy: Are Customers Willing to Pay for Circular?”, Sustainable Production and Consumption, vol. 27, pp. 61-71, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.spc.2020.10.010.
B. T. Hazen, D. A. Mollenkopf, and Y. Wang, “Remanufacturing for the Circular Economy: An Examination of Consumer Switching Behavior”, Business Strategy and the Environment, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 451-464, doi: 10.1002/bse.1929.
E. van Welden, R. Mugge, and C. Bakker, “Paving the way towards circular consumption: exploring consumer acceptance of refurbished mobile phones in the Dutch market”, Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 113, pp. 743-754, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.11.065.
L. Hou, T. Nie, and J. Zhang, “Pricing and inventory strategies for perishable products in a competitive market considering strategic consumers”, Pricing and inventory strategies for perishable products in a competitive market considering strategic consumers, Transportation Research Part E, vol. 184, pp. 1-23, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2024.103478.
J. H. Rios, and J. R. Vera, “Dynamic pricing and inventory control for multiple products in a retail chain”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, vol. 177, pp. 1-12, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2023.109065.
F. Solari, N. Lysova, M. Bocelli, A. Volpi, and R. Montanari, “Perishable Product Inventory Management In The Case Of Discount Policies And Price-Sensitive Demand: Discrete Time Simulation And Sensitivity Analysis”, Procedia Computer Science, vol. 232, pp. 1233-1241, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2024.01.121.
P. Narwal, and J. K. Nayak, “How consumers form product quality perceptions in absence of fixed posted prices: Interaction of product cues with seller reputation and third-party reviews”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, vol. 52, pp. 1-14, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101924.
J. Kong, F. Yang, and M. Jin, “Pricing, or time-to-market? Product introduction for quality differentiated products with delayed network effects”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, vol. 168, pp. 1-14, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2022.108070.
D. M. Li, A. Nagurney, and M. Yu, “Consumer Learning of Product Quality with Time Delay: Insights from Spatial Price Equilibrium Models with Differentiated Products”, Omega, vol. 81, pp. 150-168, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2017.10.007.
C. H. Wu, “OEM product design in a price competition with remanufactured product”, Omega, vol. 41, pp. 287-298, 2013, doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2012.04.004.
S. Zuliarni, D. Kartikasari, B. Hendrawan, and S. S. W. Siregar, “The impact of buying intention of global fashion on local substitute: The role of product design and price”, Heliyon, vol. 9, pp. 1-11, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22160.
B. Theozzo, and M. T. dos Santos, “A robust optimization framework for forest biorefineries design considering uncertainties on biomass growth and product selling prices”, Computers & Chemical Engineering, vol. 175, pp. 1-20, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2023.108256.
J. Ma, F. Si, Q. Zhang, and Z. Wang, “Impact of extended warranty service on product pricing in online direct retailers’ competitive market”, Energy Economics, vol. 129, pp. 1-21, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2023.107217.
L. Ma, F. Yang, M. Lin, and W. Xue, “Pricing and quality decisions for standardized and collaborative services in a home health care service platform”, Transportation Research Part E, vol. 181, pp. 1-31, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2023.103366.
A. F. Zakaria, S. C. J. Lim, and M. Aamir, “A pricing optimization modelling for assisted decision making in telecommunication product-service bundling”, International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, vol. 4, pp. 1-14, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jjimei.2024.100212.
I. Huitzil, F. Alegre, and F. Bobillo, “GimmeHop: A recommender system for mobile devices using ontology reasoners and fuzzy logic”, Fuzzy Sets and Systems, vol. 401, pp. 55-77, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.fss.2019.12.001.
H. Li, X. Dai, L. Zhou, and W. Yang, “Multi-criteria constrained interval type-2 fuzzy decision-making: A space analysis perspective”, Information Sciences, vol. 669, pp. 1-15, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2024.120581.
G. Sahin, I. Akkus, A. Koc, and W. van Sark, “Multi-criteria solar power plant siting problem solution using a GIS-Taguchi loss function based interval type-2 fuzzy approach: The case of Kars Province/Turkey”, Heliyon, vol. 10, pp. 1-20, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30993.
A. Nanni and A. Ordanini, Digital signage for promoting price discounts: First insights into customer spending on distant and nearby discounted products, Journal of Retailing, vol. 100, 2, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jretai.2024.05.004.
P. Rutsaert, J. Donovan, M. Murphy, and V. Hoffmann, “Farmer decision making for hybrid maize seed purchases: Effects of brand loyalty, price discounts and product information”, Agricultural Systems, vol. 218, pp. 1-16, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2024.104002.
H. H. Chang, L. C. Lu, and T. C. Kuo, “Are discounts useful in promoting suboptimal foods for sustainable consumption and production? The interaction effects of original prices, discount presentation modes, and product types”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, vol. 79, pp. 1-11, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103881.
R. Chen, H. Zhou, C. Jin, and J. Liu, “Discount or premium? Pricing of structured products: An analysis of Chinese market”, International Review of Financial Analysis, vol. 70, pp. 1-9, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101493.
S. C. Pant, R. Saxena, N. K. Gupta, H. Yadav, S. K. AD, and D. K. Pant, “The organic odyssey: Navigating the influence of attitude on purchase intent, mediated by perceived value, quality, and price in India”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, vol. 79, July, 103801, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2024.103801.
S. Hu, J. Lu, and Y. Jin, “Can price still be an honest signal of products’ quality? – A perspective of blockchain adoption”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, vol. 189, pp. 1-16, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2024.109945.
C. Chen, D. Zhang, L. Zhu, and F. Zhang, “Promoting green choices: How price premium displays influence consumer preference for green products”, Resources, Conservation & Recycling, vol. 207, pp. 1-11, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107682.
D. Zheng, Y. Chen, Z. Zhang, and H. Che, “Retail price discount depth and perceived quality uncertainty”, Journal of Retailing, vol. 98, pp. 542-557, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jretai.2021.12.001.
J. Zhao, W. Tang, R. Zhao, and J. Wei, “Pricing decisions for substitutable products with a common retailer in fuzzy environments”, European Journal of Operational Research, vol. 216, no. 2, pp. 409-419, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.ejor.2011.07.026.
C. N. Liao, “Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process and multi-segment goal programming applied to new product segmented under price strategy”, Computers & Industrial Engineering, vol. 61, pp. 831-841, 2011, doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2011.05.016.
B. Cardone, F. Di Martino, and S. Senatore, “Real estate price estimation through a fuzzy partition-driven genetic algorithm”, Information Sciences, vol. 667, pp. 1-24, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ins.2024.120442.
A. Amiri, H. A. Khalili, and A. Mehrabian, “Supply chain design of sustainable photovoltaic systems considering robust-fuzzy pricing and optimization”, Optik, vol. 302, pp. 1-17, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2024.171721.
S. Das, T. P. Sahu, and R. R. Janghel, “Oil and gold price prediction using optimized fuzzy inference system based extreme learning machine”, Resources Policy, vol. 79, pp. 1-15, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2022.103109.
S. Furtado, and C. R. Johnson, “Efficiency of any weighted geometric mean of the columns of a reciprocal matrix”, Linear Algebra and its Applications, vol. 680, pp. 83-92, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.laa.2023.10.001.
M. Vikram, R. M. Bhattacharjee, P. S. Paul, and L. S. Vinay, “Determinants of prioritised influencing factors on coal spontaneous combustion propensity – A Fuzzy Delphi-geometric mean analytic hierarchy process”, Fuel, vol. 356, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.129541.
E. W. Weisstein. 2024. "Geometric Mean." From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource. Available at: mathworld.wolfram.com/GeometricMean.html.
I. Gölcük, E. D. Durmas, and R. Şahin, “Interval type-2 fuzzy development of FUCOM and activity relationship charts along with MARCOS for facilities layout evaluation”, Applied Soft Computing, vol. 128, pp. 1-20., 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2022.109414.
G. Ruiz-Garcia, H. Hagras, H. Pomares, and I. R. Ruiz, “Towards a Fuzzy Logic System Based on General Forms of Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Sets”, IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 2381–2395, 2019, doi: 10.1109/TFUZZ.2019.2898582.
D. J. Singh, N. K. Verma, A. K. Ghosh, and A. Malagaudanavar, “An application of interval type-2 fuzzy model based control system for generic aircraft”, Applied Soft Computing, vol. 121, pp. 1-17, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2022.108721.
X. Feng, Y. Yu, X. Wang, J. Cai, S. Zhong, H. Wang, X. Han, J. Wang, and K. Shi, “A hybrid search mode-based differential evolution algorithm for auto design of the interval type-2 fuzzy logic system”, Expert Systems With Applications, vol. 236, pp. 1-13, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.121271.
G. J. Klir, and B. Yuan, Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications. USA: Prentice-Hall, 1995.
J. M. Mendel, H. Hagras, W. W. Tan, W. W. Melek, and H. Ying, Introduction to Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Controller, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014, doi: 10.1002/9781118886540.
O. Castillo and P. Melin, Type-2 Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2008, doi: 10.1007/978-3-540-76284-3.
J. M. Mendel, Uncertain Rule-Based Fuzzy System: Introduction and New Direction, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2017, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-51370-6.
J. M. Mendel and D. Wu, Perceptual Computing: Aiding People in Making Subjective Judgments. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-IEEE Press, 2010, doi: 10.1002/9780470599655.
D. Wu and J. M. Mendel, “Enhanced Karnik-Mendel Algorithms”, IEEE Trans. on Fuzzy Systems, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 923-934, 2009, doi: 10.1109/TFUZZ.2008.924329.
Z. Yan, F. Tian, Y. Sun, and S. Wang. “A time-frequency-based interval decomposition ensemble method for forecasting gasoil prices under the trend of low-carbon development”, Energy Economics, vol. 134, pp. 1-11, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107609.
X. Xu, and Y. Zhang, “Price forecasts of ten steel products using Gaussian process regressions”, Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, vol. 126, pp. 1-13, 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.engappai.2023.106870
W. Liu, C. Wang, Y. Li, Y. Liu, and K. Huang, “Ensemble forecasting for product futures prices using variational mode decomposition and artificial neural networks”, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, vol. 146, pp. 1-15, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.chaos.2021.110822.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Ridwan Andi Purnomo, Iswoyo Seno Saputro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
License and Copyright Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal. Please also carefully read the International Journal of Industrial Optimization (IJIO) Author Guidelines at http://journal2.uad.ac.id/index.php/ijio/about/submissions#onlineSubmissions
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities tacitly or explicitly of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
Copyright
Authors who publish with the International Journal of Industrial Optimization (IJIO) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.