The Effect of Board Characteristics and Media Exposure on Water Disclosure
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/jreksa.v13i2.15790Keywords:
water disclosure, board characteristics, media exposureAbstract
This study examines the influence of board characteristics and media exposure on water disclosure among 204 observations from mining companies on the IDX between 2021 and 2024. Using multiple regression, the results show that board size and media exposure positively impact water disclosure, reflecting collective capacity and strategic responses to public pressure. Conversely, gender diversity and board independence yield negative effects. For independent directors, this is driven by IDX Regulation No. I-A (2018), which abolished mandatory independent directors, leading to tokenistic roles focused on administrative compliance rather than substantive oversight. Furthermore, meeting frequency is insignificant as agendas are dominated by routine financial matters. Robustness checks using the 1% winsorizing technique confirm that the model remains consistent and insensitive to extreme data. The study concludes that firms must move beyond symbolic representation and address institutional gaps to achieve genuine water accountability.
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