Poverty and SMEs: A New Pradigm of SDGs Development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/optimum.v11i2.3943Abstract
Poverty alleviation and micro-small enterprises are the essential topics in discussing the paradigm of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Micro and small businesses are considered as a panacea to alleviate poverty. So the relationship between poverty and the existence of micro and small enterprises is theoretically unidirectional. In other words, if poverty increases, micro, and small enterprises will also increase. To see the effect of poverty on micro and small businesses, this study will use the Village Potential Data (Podes) 2018 with a total of 8559 villages/wards in Central Java Province. Apart from poverty, this study will also examine the effect of technology as represented by the number of electricity customers, health from the number of supporting health centers, and finally education represented by the number of Public Elementary Schools (SDN), State Junior High Schools (SMPN) and State Senior High Schools (SMAN). By using multiple regression models, an interesting relationship is found. Those that have a unidirectional relationship to micro and small enterprises are poverty, technology, health, and primary education (SDN). The role of education in the growth of micro and small businesses strengthens Duflo's thesis (2001) on the effect of education on reducing unemployment which earned him the Nobel Prize in 2019. Meanwhile, junior and secondary education for its effect on micro and small enterprises is negative. This showed that the impact of secondary education is that it provides the possibility to work in other sectors outside of micro and small enterprisesReferences
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Fahmi, A. (2016). Faktor Pendidikan dan Kesehatan Berpengaruh Terhadap Kemiskinan di Provinsi Jambi. Journal Development, 4(2), 89-103.
Fitroh, Ratnawati, S., & Dewi, T. R. (2019). Assessment of Relationship Management using ODS (Online Database System) at the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs with the Community Based on COBIT 5. 2018 6th International Conference on Cyber and IT Service Management, CITSM 2018, (Citsm), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/CITSM.2018.8674305
Handoko, F., Vitasari, P., Hidayat, S., & Tjahjadi, M. E. (2019). Technology transfer program for SMEs in Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1375(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1375/1/012053
Kemal A. Stamboel. (2012). Panggilan Keberpihakan: Strategi Mengakhiri Kemiskinan Di Indonesia. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Krisna. 2016. "Upaya Penanggualangan Kemiskinan Melalui Pemberdayaan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah". Sosio Informa Vol. 2 No. 2 Mei - Agustus. Kesejahteraan Sosial.
Munizu, M. (2010). “Pengaruh Faktor-Faktor Eksternal dan Internal terhadap Kinerja Usaha Mikro dan Kecil (UMK) di Sulawesi Selatanâ€. Jurnal Manajemen dan Kewirausahaan, Vol.12, No. 1, Maret 2010: 33-41.
Online Media. 2020. "Penurunan Kemiskinan Jateng Tertinggi di Indonesia, Apa Kuncinya?" Bisnis.tempo.co.id.Sabtu, 18 Januari 2020 11:33 WIB
Prawoto, Nano. 2009. Memahami kemiskinan dan strategi penanggulangannya. Jurnal ekonomi dan studi pembangunan. Vol 9 No 1, April 2009 56-68.
Ravallion, M. (2016). The Economics of Poverty: History, Measurement, and policy. https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.197099
Retnandari, N. Dwi. 2009. Kemiskinan dan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, & Menengah, Populasi Vol. 19 No. 1. ISSN: 0853-0262
Rosavina, M., Rahadi, R. A., Kitri, M. L., Nuraeni, S., & Mayangsari, L. (2019). P2P lending adoption by SMEs in Indonesia. Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, 11(2), 260–279. https://doi.org/10.1108/QRFM-09-2018-0103
Sachs, J. D. (2005). The End of Poverty: Economic Possibilities for Our Time. New York: The Penguin Press.
Saptadi, S., Sriyanto, & Pangaribuan, B. M. (2019). Individual-Based Simulation for Online Marketplace Diffusion among Batik Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 598(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/598/1/012103
Scoones, I. (1998). Sustainable Rural Livelihoods:A Framework for Analysis.IDS Working Paper,72. Brighton, England: Institute of Development Studies (IDS), University of Sussex.
Simanjuntak, Payaman J. 2001. Pengantar Ekonomi Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi UI.
Sjahrir. (1983). The Political Economy of Basic Needs In Indonesia A Prospective Appraisal. Ph.D Dissertation, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusettes.
Stewart, F. (2019). The Human Development Approach: An Overview. Oxford Development Studies, 47(2), 135–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/13600818.2019.1585793.
Syahdan, R., Djaelani, Y., & Mahdi, S. A. R. (2020). Strategic orientation and the performance of SMEs in Indonesia: The mediating role of access to finance. Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1151–1160. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.10.026
Tambunan, T. (2019). Recent evidence of the development of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0140-4.
Tambunan, T. (2019). The impact of the economic crisis on micro, small, and medium enterprises and their crisis mitigation measures in Southeast Asia with reference to Indonesia. Asia and the Pacific Policy Studies, 6(1), 19–39. https://doi.org/10.1002/app5.264.
Todaro, Michael P. dan Smith, Stephen C. (2011). Pembangunan Ekonomi. Edisi Kesebelas. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Utari, Tri., Putu Martini D. 2014. “Tingkat Pendidikan dan Teknologi Terhadap Pendapatan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) di Kawasan Imam Bonjol Denpasar Barateâ€. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan Universitas Udayana Vol 3, No. 12, Desember.
Varma, A. 1997. Labour, labour markets, and the economics integration of nationâ€, in C Carnbell(ed.), regionalization and labour market Interdepence in East and south Asia. Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies, ILO.
Walle, D (2000). Are returns to investemen lower for the poor? Human and physical capital interaction in rural Vietnam, working paper 2425, world bank.
