Education of the potential of natural ingredients as an immunomodulator in the transition process from pandemic to endemic Covid-19 through webinar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/jpm.v7i1.7915Keywords:
Covid 19, Natural_ingredients, ImmunomudulatoryAbstract
Covid-19 is a respiratory infection caused by the coronavirus. Early prevention of Covid-19 can be done by increasing the body's resistance. Therefore, using traditional plants, which are included in the immunomodulatory group, is alternative prevention. This PkM webinar aims to introduce and educate the public and pharmacists about the potential of natural ingredients in the transition process from the pandemic. PkM is conducted through webinars. The webinar results were analyzed through a pre-test and post-test, and then the data was processed using the t-test. Evaluation of activities was carried out using a Likert scale. The results obtained from this PkM webinar are an increase in participants' knowledge, indicated by a significant difference between the pre and post-test results after being given PkM material, and the opinion of the webinar participants regarding the PkM webinar that was followed was excellent. This activity is expected to provide understanding and education in the potential of natural ingredients as immunomodulators. It is also essential to implement this as a means of education and provide benefits to the teaching and learning process as an evaluation and improvement of student's ability to think critically
References
H. A. Rothan and S. N. Byrareddy, “The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak,” J. Autoimmun., vol. 109, p. 102433, May 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433.
K. L. Andrejko et al., “Receipt of COVID-19 and seasonal influenza vaccines in California (USA) during the 2021–2022 influenza season,” Vaccine, vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 1190–1197, Feb. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.12.052.
C. Sohrabi et al., “World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19),” Int. J. Surg., vol. 76, pp. 71–76, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034.
E. Prompetchara, C. Ketloy, and T. Palaga, “Immune responses in COVID-19 and potential vaccines: Lessons learned from SARS and MERS epidemic,” Asian Pacific J. Allergy Immunol., vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2020, doi: 10.12932/AP-200220-0772.
M. D’Antonio et al., “SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 disease severity are associated with genetic variants affecting gene expression in a variety of tissues,” Cell Rep., vol. 37, no. 7, p. 110020, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110020.
C. Huang et al., “Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China,” Lancet, vol. 395, no. 10223, pp. 497–506, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.
G. C. Lee et al., “Immunologic resilience and COVID-19 survival advantage,” J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., vol. 148, no. 5, pp. 1176–1191, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.08.021.
G. L.-H. Wong et al., “Management of patients with liver derangement during the COVID-19 pandemic: an Asia-Pacific position statement,” Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol., vol. 5, no. 8, pp. 776–787, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30190-4.
WHO, “Clinical management of acute respiratory tract infection (SARI) suspected of COVID-19,” World Heal. Organ., vol. 4, no. 13 Maret, pp. 1–25, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/searo/indonesia/covid19/tatalaksana-klinis-suspek-penyakit-covid .
L. Dong, S. Hu, and J. Gao, “Discovering drugs to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),” Drug Discov. Ther., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 58–60, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.5582/ddt.2020.01012.
E. Wiedosari, “The Role of Natural Immunomodulators (Aloe vera) in the Cellular and Humoral Immunity Systems,” Wartazoa, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 165–171, 2007, [Online]. Available: http://medpub.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/wartazoa/article/download/871/880.
R. Harikrishnan et al., “Dried lemon peel enriched diet improves antioxidant activity, immune response and modulates immuno-antioxidant genes in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas sorbia,” Fish Shellfish Immunol., vol. 106, pp. 675–684, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.07.040.
J. Alijotas-Reig et al., “Immunomodulatory therapy for the management of severe COVID-19. Beyond the anti-viral therapy: A comprehensive review,” Autoimmun. Rev., vol. 19, no. 7, p. 102569, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2020.102569.
G. Anjani, F. Ayustaningwarno, and R. Eviana, “Critical review on the immunomodulatory activities of carrot’s β-carotene and other bioactive compounds,” J. Funct. Foods, vol. 99, p. 105303, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105303.
H. J. Yoo, D.-J. You, and K.-W. Lee, “Characterization and Immunomodulatory Effects of High Molecular Weight Fucoidan Fraction from the Sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Mice,” Mar. Drugs, vol. 17, no. 8, p. 447, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.3390/md17080447.
J. Guan et al., “Continuous tracking of COVID-19 patients’ immune status,” Int. Immunopharmacol., vol. 89, p. 107034, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107034.
A. H. Mansourabadi, M. Sadeghalvad, H.-R. Mohammadi-Motlagh, and N. Rezaei, “The immune system as a target for therapy of SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review of the current immunotherapies for COVID-19,” Life Sci., vol. 258, p. 118185, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118185.
W. Wahyuni, M. I. Yusuf, F. Malik, A. F. Lubis, A. Indalifiany, and I. Sahidin, “Immunomodulatory Effect of Ethanol Extract of Melophlus sarasinorum Sponge on Phagocytic Activity of Macrophage Cells in Male Balb/C Mice,” J. Farm. Galen. (Galenika J. Pharmacy), vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 147–157, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.22487/j24428744.2019.v5.i2.13611.
S. Subaryono, R. Perangiangin, M. T. Suhartono, and F. R. Zakaria, “Imunomodulator Activity of Alginate Oligosaccharides from Alginate Sargassum crassifolium,” J. Pengolah. Has. Perikan. Indones., vol. 20, no. 1, p. 63, Apr. 2017, doi: 10.17844/jphpi.v20i1.16434.
J. Narayanaperumal, A. D’souza, A. Miriyala, B. Sharma, and G. Gopal, “A randomized double blinded placebo controlled clinical trial for the evaluation of green coffee extract on immune health in healthy adults,” J. Tradit. Complement. Med., vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 455–465, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.01.007.
D. Hartanti, B. A. Dhiani, S. L. Charisma, and R. Wahyuningrum, “The Potential Roles of Jamu for COVID-19: A Learn from the Traditional Chinese Medicine,” Pharm. Sci. Res., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 12–22, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.7454/psr.v7i4.1083.
C. Igwilo et al., “Modulatory Effects of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Gongronema latifolium (asclepiadaceae) on Some Natural and Adaptive Immune Responses in Rodents,” Trop. J. Nat. Prod. Res., vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 3215–3222, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.26538/tjnpr/v7i6.23.
S. Tutuncu, “Black Seed (Nigella Sativa) and Immunomodulatory Effect,” Int. J. Vet. Anim. Res., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 6–9, 2020, Accessed: Oct. 12, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://www.ijvar.org/index.php/ijvar/article/view/440.
R. S. Joshi et al., “Discovery of potential multi-target-directed ligands by targeting host-specific SARS-CoV-2 structurally conserved main protease,” J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., pp. 1–16, May 2020, doi: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1760137
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Dina Yuspita Sari, Ratna Widyasari
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.