Risk Analysis of Musculoskeletal Disorders Complaints Among Online Motorcycle Drivers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/dpphj.v18i1.8886Keywords:
Musculoskeletal Disorders, Work Duration, Occupational Stress, Online Ojek, PostureAbstract
Background: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are disorders in muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints, peripheral nerves, and blood vessels characterized by very mild complaints to very painful complaints. MSDs are caused by several factors, including work posture, work duration, vibration, and occupational stress. Work activities in online motorcycle drivers require drivers to perform static work postures with long duration, which results in the risk of MSDs complaints. This research aims to analyze the risk of MSDs complaints in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Depok City. Method: The method used in this research is the analytic method with a cross-sectional approach. The population was all online motorcycle taxi drivers in Depok City, with a sample of 40 respondents using the linear time function method. The instruments of this research were the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) questionnaire to determine work posture, work duration, vibration, and occupational stress, and the GOTRAK complaint questionnaire in SNI 9011:2021 to determine the risk of musculoskeletal complaints. Results: The results showed that 90% of online motorcycle taxi drivers experienced MSDs complaints in the upper body, with the hand being the most complained part. A correlation test using Kendall’s tau-b showed that there is a significant relationship between work duration (p=0.048), and occupational stress (p=0.032) with the risk of MSDs complaints. In contrast, work posture (p=0.299) and vibration (p=0.488) have no significant relationship with the risk of MSDs complaints. Conclusion: Work duration and occupational stress are related to the risk of MSDs complaints.
References
Nurhafizhah T, Susilowati IH, Maulana A, Habibullah MF. Safety and Fatigue Risk Factors among Online Motorcycle Drivers in Depok City, Indonesia. KnE Life Sciences. 2018;703–8. doi: 10.18502/kls.v4i5.2600
Taifa IWR. A student-centred design approach for reducing musculoskeletal disorders in India through Six Sigma methodology with ergonomics concatenation. Saf Sci. 2022; doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105579
Rajendran M, Sajeev A, Shanmugavel R, Rajpradeesh T. Ergonomic evaluation of workers during manual material handling. Mater Today Proc. 2021;46:7770–6. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.283
Sundstrup E, Seeberg KGV, Bengtsen E, Andersen LL. A Systematic Review of Workplace Interventions to Rehabilitate Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Employees with Physical Demanding Work. J Occup Rehabil. 2020;30(4):588–612. doi: doi.org/10.1007/s10926-020-09879-x. PMID: 32219688. PMCID: PMC7716934.
Vanissa A, Wahyudiono YDA, Yuliadarwati NM, Martiana T, Hartoyo G. The Correlation of Working Posture toward Complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders on Pipeline Installation Workers. The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health. 2022;11(1):115–23. doi: 10.20473/ijosh.v11i1.2022.115-123
Ispășoiu A, Milosan I, Machedon-Pisu T, Ispășoiu AMF, Meiță Gogelescu C. Study on the application of the QEC (Quick Exposure Check) on the ergonomic risks assessment in the industrial field. MATEC Web of Conferences. 2021;343(10023):1–14. doi: 10.1051/matecconf/202134310023
Yahya NM, Zahid MNO. Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMDs) Risk Assessment at Core Assembly Production of Electronic Components Manufacturing Company. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2018;319. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/319/1/012036
Lop NSB, Salleh NM, Zain FMY, Saidin MT. Ergonomic Risk Factors (ERF) and their Association with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among Malaysian Construction Trade Workers: Concreters. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences. 2019;9(9). doi: 10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i9/6420
Hämmig O. Work- and Stress-related Musculoskeletal and Sleep Disorders Among Health Professionals: A Cross-sectional Study in A Hospital Setting in Switzerland. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2020;21(1):319. doi: 10.1186/s12891-020-03327-w. PMID: 32438929. PMCID: PMC7243303.
Arunachalam M, Singh AK, Karmakar S. Perceived Comfortable Posture and Optimum Riding Position of Indian Male Motorcyclists for Short-duration Riding of Standard Motorcycles. Int J Ind Ergon. 2021;83:103135. doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2021.103135
Mallapiang F, Azriful, Nildawati, Syarfaini, Muis M, Adriansyah. The Relationship of Posture Working with Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in The Weaver West Sulawesi Indonesia. Gac Sanit. 2021;35:S15–8. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.12.005
Nyman T, Rhén IM, Johansson PJ, Eliasson K, Kjellberg K, Lindberg P, et al. Reliability and Validity of Six Selected Observational Methods for Risk Assessment of Hand Intensive and Repetitive Work. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023;20(8):5505. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20085505. PMID: 37107787; PMCID: PMC10138863.
Orelaja OA, Wang X, Ibrahim DSh, Sharif U. Evaluation of Health Risk Level of Hand-Arm and Whole-Body Vibrations on the Technical Operators and Equipment in a Tobacco-Producing Company in Nigeria. J Healthc Eng. 2019;2019:1–12. doi: 10.1155/2019/5723830. PMID: 31934323; PMCID: PMC6942868.
Athirah Diyana MY, Karmegam K, Shamsul BMT, Irniza R, Vivien H, Sivasankar S, et al. Risk factors analysis: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders among male traffic policemen using high-powered motorcycles. Int J Ind Ergon. 2019;74(October). doi: 10.1016/j.ergon.2019.102863
Moreno Fortes A, Tian L, Huebner ES. Occupational Stress and Employees Complete Mental Health: A Cross-Cultural Empirical Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(10):3629. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17103629. PMID: 32455763. PMCID: PMC7277686.
Tony BJainAR, Alphin MS, Sri Krishnan G. Analysis of Upper Body Ergonomic Parameters on Commuter Motorbike Users. J Transp Health. 2020;16:100828. doi: /10.1016/j.jth.2020.100828
Joseph L, Vasanthan L, Standen M, Kuisma R, Paungmali A, Pirunsan U, et al. Causal Relationship Between the Risk Factors and Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Professional Drivers: A Systematic Review. Hum Factors. 2021;1–24. doi: 10.1177/00187208211006500. PMID: 34126797. PMCID: PMC9846379.
Putri BA. The Correlation between Age, Years of Service, and Working Postures and the Complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders. The Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health. 2019;8(2):187–96. doi: 10.20473/ijosh.v8i2.2019.187-196
Putra RS, Legiran, Azhar MB. Association of Sitting Position and Motorcycle Saddle Design Incompatibility with Low Back Pain on Ojek Bikers. Majalah Kedokteran Sriwijaya. 2018;50(2). doi: 10.36706/mks.v50i2.8551
Ferusgel A, Masni, Arti NA. Factors Affecting the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in Female Online Motorcycle Drivers in Medan City. Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan Suara Forikes. 2020;11(1):68–72. doi: 10.33846/sf11114
Sutami NKD, Laksmi IAA, Darmawan AAKN. The Relationship Of Working Duration And Work Position With The Event Of Lower Back Pain In Farmers. Journal of Borneo Holistic Health. 2021;4(2):85–96. doi: 10.35334/borticalth.v4i2.2028
Satrio MA, Juhanna IV, Winaya IMN, Wibawa A. The Correlation Between Work Attitude and Riding Duration toward Low Back Pain Non Specific Incident to Ojek Online Motor-rider in Denpasar. Majalah Ilmiah Fisioterapi Indonesia. 2020;8(2):22–6. doi: 10.24843/MIFI.2020.v08.i02.p05
Djuartina T, Yauwono A, Irawan R, Steven A. The Relationship of Whole Body Vibration with Low Back Pain Incidence of Online Ojek Drivers. Journal Of The Indonesian Medical Association. 2020;70(10):222–7. doi: 10.47830/jinma-vol.70.10-2020-301
Ramasamy S, Adalarasu K, Patel TN. Evaluation of Driving-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Motorbike Riders Using Quick Exposure Check (QEC). Biomedical Research (India). 2017;28(5):1962–8.
Ospina-Mateus H, Quintana Jiménez LA. Understanding The Impact of Physical Fatigue and Postural Comfort Experienced During Motorcycling: A Systematic Review. J Transp Health. 2019;12:290–318. doi: 10.1016/j.jth.2019.02.003
Faraji A, Karimi M, Azizi SM, Janatolmakan M, Khatony A. Occupational Stress and Its Related Demographic Factors Among Iranian CCU Nurses: A Cross-sectional Study. BMC Res Notes. 2019;12(1):634. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4674-5. PMID: 31558161. PMCID: PMC6764133.
Bhuanantanondh P, Buchholz B, Arphorn S, Kongtip P, Woskie S. The Prevalence of and Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders in Thai Oil Palm Harvesting Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(10). doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105474. PMID: 34065378. PMCID: PMC8160754.
Ekechukwu END, Useh E, Nna OL, Ekechukwu NI, Obi ON, Aguwa EN, et al. Ergonomic Assessment of Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorder and Its Determinants Among Commercial Mini Bus Drivers and Driver Assistants (Mini Bus Conductors) in Nigeria. PLoS One. 2021;16(12). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260211
Chen YL, Alexander H, Hu YM. Self-Reported Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms among Bus Drivers in the Taipei Metropolitan Area. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(17):10596. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191710596
Ads HO, Zaki M, Abdalrazak HA, Baobaid MF, Abdalqader MA, Shebl HA, et al. Stress Association with Neck and Shoulder Pain Among Male Taxi Drivers in Shah Alam, Malaysia. Int J Community Med Public Health. 2020;7(4):1268–75. doi: 10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20201431
Shah YS, Saini RK. The Prevalence of Reduced Upper Cervical Mobility and Neck Disability Among Taxi Drivers in Mumbai. The Journal of Indian Association of Physiotherapists. 2022;16(2):89. doi: 10.4103/pjiap.pjiap_47_22
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors transfer the copyright and grant the Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
