Profile Analysis of COVID-19 Patients in Jambi Province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/dpphj.v16i2.5292Keywords:
COVID-19, Patient, Age, Mobility, Profile AnalysisAbstract
Background: The potential for COVID-19 transmission has increased sharply, so the government must implement various strategies to control the spread, especially in Jambi Province. The number of positive confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Jambi Province until August 26, 2021, was 27,422 people, with a case fatality rate is 2.37%. This condition illustrates that the spread of COVID-19 is increasing every day, so the government has set a lockdown at Level 4. Method: This research aims to analyze the profile of COVID-19 patients in Jambi Province (secondary data analysis) with a cross-sectional study design. Data analysis includes univariate analysis with the mean difference test and Chi-Square test. Result: The results show that the age of COVID-19 patients is significantly different between men and women. Furthermore, based on the Chi-Square test, it shows a significant relationship between age and gender and between region and age with a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Indeed, the risk of COVID-19 cases increases with age and differs for each gender with a high level of mobility.
References
Liu J, Liu S. The Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Med Virol. 2020 Sep;92(9):1484-1490. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25965. Epub 2020 May 22. PMID: 32369222; PMCID: PMC7267323.
Li X, Geng M, Peng Y, Meng L, Lu S. Molecular Immune Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Covid-19. Journal Of Pharmaceutical Analysis Volume 10, Issue 2, April 2020, Pages 102-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.001
Sanders Jm, Monogue Ml, Jodlowski Tz, Cutrell Jb. Pharmacologic Treatments for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19): A Review. Jama -J Am Med Assoc. 2020;2019 doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.6019.
Umakanthan S, Sahu P, Ranade AV, Bukelo MM, Rao JS, Abrahao-Machado LF, Dahal S, Kumar H, Kv D. Origin, Transmission, Diagnosis and Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Postgrad Med J. 2020 Dec;96(1142):753-758. doi: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138234. Epub 2020 Jun 20. PMID: 32563999.
Lin S, Kantor R, Clark E. Coronavirus Disease 2019. Clin Geriatr Med. 2021 Nov;37(4):509-522. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2021.05.001. Epub 2021 May 27. PMID: 34600718; PMCID: PMC8156909.
Rahmy HA, Azrimaidaliza, Eva Yuniritha, Rifza Blended Learning Development of Non Communicable Diseases Dietetics Subject Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 506 https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210202.060
Stasi C, Fallani S, Voller F, Silvestri C. Treatment for COVID-19: An overview. Eur J Pharmacol. 2020 Dec 15;889:173644. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173644. Epub 2020 Oct 11. PMID: 33053381; PMCID: PMC7548059.
Yufika A, Pratama R, Anwar S, Winardi W, Librianty N, Prashanti NAP, Sari TNW, Utomo PS, Dwiamelia T, Natha PPC, Salwiyadi S, Asrizal FW, Ikram I, Wulandari I, Haryanto S, Fenobilire N, Wagner AL, Jamil KF, Mudatsir M, Harapan H. Stigma Associated with COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers in Indonesia. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2021 Mar 25:1-5. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2021.93. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33762053; PMCID: PMC8207538.
Harapan H, Itoh N, Yufika A, Winardi W, Keam S, Te H, Megawati D, Hayati Z, Wagner AL, Mudatsir M. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review. J Infect Public Health. 2020 May;13(5):667-673. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.019. Epub 2020 Apr 8. PMID: 32340833; PMCID: PMC7142680.
Olum R, Chekwech G, Wekha G, Nassozi DR, Bongomin F. Coronavirus Disease-2019: Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Health Care Workers at Makerere University Teaching Hospitals, Uganda. Front Public Health. 2020 Apr 30;8:181. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00181. PMID: 32426320; PMCID: PMC7204940.
Asti Pratiwi Duhri, Rubin Jabbar, Nuraini Yunus . Karakteristik Pasien Konfirmasi Covid-19 Di RSUD Lamaddukkelleng Kabupaten Wajo (Tinjauan Pasien Periode Maret-September 2020). Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar Vol. XV No. 2, Desember 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32382/medkes.v15i2.1789
Anka AU, Tahir MI, Abubakar SD, Alsabbagh M, Zian Z, Hamedifar H, Sabzevari A, Azizi G. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): An Overview of the Immunopathology, Serological Diagnosis and Management. Scand J Immunol. 2021 Apr;93(4):e12998. doi: 10.1111/sji.12998. Epub 2020 Dec 3. PMID: 33190302; PMCID: PMC7744910.
Lima FT, Brown NC, Duarte JP. Understanding the Impact of Walkability, Population Density, and Population Size on COVID-19 Spread: A Pilot Study of the Early Contagion in the United States. Entropy (Basel). 2021 Nov 14;23(11):1512. doi: 10.3390/e23111512. PMID: 34828210; PMCID: PMC8619267.
Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Features of Patients Infected with 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020; 395(10223):497–506. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736 (20)30183-5
Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585
Alshukry A, Ali H, Ali Y, Al-Taweel T, Abu Farha M, Abu Baker J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients in Kuwait. PLoS ONE 15(11): e0242768. (2020) https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242768
Chu DK, Akl EA, Duda S, Solo K, Yaacoub S, Schünemann HJ; COVID-19 Systematic Urgent Review Group Effort (SURGE) Study Authors. Physical distancing, Face Masks, and Eye Protection to Prevent Person-to-Person Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Lancet. 2020 Jun 27;395(10242):1973-1987. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31142-9. Epub 2020 Jun 1. PMID: 32497510; PMCID: PMC7263814.
Liu, B., Spokes, P., He, W. et al. High risk Groups for Severe COVID-19 in a Whole of Population Cohort in Australia. BMC Infect Dis 21, 685 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06378-z
Bwire, G. M. (2020). Coronavirus: Why Men are More Vulnerable to Covid-19 Than Women? SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine, 2(7), 874–876. doi: 10.1007/s42399-020-00341-w
Vaduganathan M et al. Renin-angiotensinaldosterone System Inhibitors in Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1653–9. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMsr2005760
Solomou I, Constantinidou F. Prevalence and Predictors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Compliance with Precautionary Measures: Age and Sex Matter. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 8;17(14):4924. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144924. PMID: 32650522; PMCID: PMC7400373.
Kim S, Jin-Hwan Kim, Yukyung Park, Sun Kim, Chang-yup Kim. Gender Analysis of COVID-19 Outbreak in South Korea: A Common Challenge and Call for Action. Health Education & Behavior 2020, Vol. 47(4) 525–530. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198120931443
Bonful HA, Addo-Lartey A, Aheto JMK, Ganle JK, Sarfo B, Aryeetey R. Limiting Spread of COVID-19 in Ghana: Compliance Audit of Selected Transportation Stations in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. PLoS One. 2020 Sep 11;15(9):e0238971. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238971. PMID: 32915888; PMCID: PMC7485755.
Peduduk Provinsi Jambi Menurut Kabupaten Kota dan jenis Kelamin. Available from https://jambi.bps.go.id/indicator/12/544/1/penduduk-provinsi-jambi-menurut-kabupaten-kota-dan-jenis-kelamin.html
Felipe Carozzi, Sandro Provenzano and Sefi Roth. Urban Density and Covid-19. Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), Boon. IZA Discussion Papers No. 13440 http://hdl.handle.net/10419/223882
Wong DWS, Li Y. Spreading of COVID-19: Density Matters. PLoS One. 2020 Dec 23;15(12):e0242398. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242398. PMID: 33362283; PMCID: PMC7757878.
Limam O, Limam M. Contribution to COVID-19 Spread Modelling: A Physical Phenomenological Dissipative Formalism. Biomech Model Mechanobiol. 2021 Feb;20(1):379-387. doi: 10.1007/s10237-020-01387-4. Epub 2020 Sep 25. PMID: 32975714; PMCID: PMC7517754.
Ganasegeran K, Jamil MFA, Appannan MR, Ch'ng ASH, Looi I, Peariasamy KM. Spatial Dynamics and Multiscale Regression Modelling of Population Level Indicators for COVID-19 Spread in Malaysia. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 13;19(4):2082. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19042082. PMID: 35206271; PMCID: PMC8871711.
Kraemer MUG, Yang CH, Gutierrez B, Wu CH, Klein B, Pigott DM; Open COVID-19 Data Working Group, du Plessis L, Faria NR, Li R, Hanage WP, Brownstein JS, Layan M, Vespignani A, Tian H, Dye C, Pybus OG, Scarpino SV. The Effect of Human Mobility and Control Measures on the COVID-19 Epidemic in China. Science. 2020 May 1;368(6490):493-497. doi: 10.1126/science.abb4218. Epub 2020 Mar 25. PMID: 32213647; PMCID: PMC7146642.
Vitiello A, Ferrara F, Troiano V, La Porta R. COVID-19 Vaccines and Decreased Transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Inflammopharmacology. 2021 Oct;29(5):1357-1360. doi: 10.1007/s10787-021-00847-2. Epub 2021 Jul 19. PMID: 34279767; PMCID: PMC8287551.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors transfer the copyright and grant the Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Disease Prevention and Public Health Journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
