Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Children's Respiratory Tract Infections at Primary Health Center in Tabanan Bali

Kadek Sephia Adiana  Putri; I Gusti Ayu Rai Widowati; Ida Ayu Manik Partha  Sutema; Gde Palguna  Reganata; I Wayan Agus Gede Manik  Saputra

doi:10.12928/dpphj.v19i1.11673

Authors

Kadek Sephia Adiana Putri Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty Health Sciences, Bali International University, Denpasar, Indonesia
I Gusti Ayu Rai Widowati Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bali International University, Denpasar, Indonesia
Ida Ayu Manik Partha Sutema Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty Health Sciences, Bali International University, Denpasar, Indonesia
Gde Palguna Reganata Department of Informatics, Faculty of Social Business Technology & Humanities, Bali International University, Denpasar, Indonesia
I Wayan Agus Gede Manik Saputra Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bali Mandara Hospital, Denpasar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12928/dpphj.v19i1.11673

Keywords:

Antibiotics, Gyssens_method, Respiratory_Tract_Infection, Pediatric

Abstract

Background: Respiratory Tract Infections are among the most common health problems affecting children globally, with a particularly high prevalence in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. Inappropriate antibiotic use in treating respiratory tract infections can lead to antibiotic resistance. This study evaluates the rationality of antibiotic use in pediatric respiratory tract infections cases and assesses prescribing patterns based on established guidelines. Method: A descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted using purposive sampling. Data collected from 130 medical records of pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections (from January to March 2024) at a primary health care center in Tabanan, Bali were analyzed. The Gyssens method evaluated antibiotic rationality based on dosage, duration, and clinical indications. Data were analyzed descriptively to determine antibiotic prescribing patterns and compared with national antibiotic use guidelines. Results: The results showed that 46.1% of antibiotic use was included in the rational category (Category 0), while 43.1% were included in the use without clear indications (Category V). Amoxicillin is the most widely prescribed antibiotic (90.8%). These findings indicate a tendency to use antibiotics not by clinical guidelines. Conclusion: The use of antibiotics in pediatric patients with respiratory tract infections is mostly suboptimal. Interventions are needed to improve compliance with rational antibiotic use guidelines, including education for healthcare workers and ongoing monitoring of antibiotic prescribing patterns

Author Biographies

I Gusti Ayu Rai Widowati, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bali International University, Denpasar, Indonesia

I Gusti Ayu Rai Widowati is a pharmacist with experience in the field of public health. She had her Master of Public Health at the Udayana University, Bali- Indonesia; Master of Health Law at the Hang Tuah University, Surabaya-Indonesia; Ph.D. of Public Health at the Udayana University, Bali-Indonesia. She also had advanced course in Civil and Mediator Conciliator. She is a senior lecture at the Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Bali International University.

Ida Ayu Manik Partha Sutema, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty Health Sciences, Bali International University, Denpasar, Indonesia

Ida Ayu Manik Partha Sutema is a lecturer with expertise in clinical pharmacy. She graduated her Master degree in Clinical Pharmacy at the Surabaya University, East Java-Indonesia. Currently, she is the head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacy at the Bali International University. She also the author of worldwide peer- reviewed articles on pharmaceutical sciences is an active participant in scientific activities, and her research have been extensively published. She is also active in various health promotion programs. Currently, she is the PhD student at Padjadjaran University.

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