Fuzzy Logic-Based Distributed and Centralized MPPT Architectures for Photovoltaic Systems: A Comparative Study under Dynamic Irradiance and Partial Shading Conditions

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12928/biste.v8i5.16356

Keywords:

Photovoltaic Systems, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), Fuzzy Logic Control, Distributed MPPT, Centralized MPPT, Partial Shading

Abstract

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is very important to enhance the energy harvesting capability of photovoltaic (PV) systems under various environmental conditions. But, under dynamic irradiance and partial shading conditions, conventional MPPT architectures may be plagued by poor tracking performance and energy extraction. This study investigates the use of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for MPPT and evaluates its performance in both Centralized Maximum Power Point Tracking (CMPPT) and Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT) architectures. The key outcome of the present study is the comparison of FLC based CMPPT and DMPPT configurations under dynamic irradiance. MATLAB/Simulink based models are established to evaluate the performance measurement with irradiance profiles of 500-1000 W/m2. The assessment included tracking efficiency, convergence behavior, steady state oscillations and recuperating energy capability under various operating scenarios. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed FLC exhibits a faster response to changes and better tracking capability compared to the baseline MPPT methods considered in this study. The controller achieved tracking performance up to 97% and reduced stable-state oscillations by above 60%. The DMPPT configuration with fuzzy logic control harvested significantly greater amounts of energy than the respective CMPPT configuration under partial shading conditions. The results show that the use of fuzzy logic control with distributed MPPT architectures can improve the robustness and energy harvesting in irregular irradiance conditions, and therefore, this method can be applied to modern photovoltaic systems.

Author Biographies

Waleed Mahmood Abdullah Al-Darraji, Tikrit University

WALEED MAHMOOD ABDULLAH AL-DARRAJI

Holds a Master's degree in Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Gaziantep University, Turkey, in 2019. Worked as an engineer in the Energy Distribution Directorate, and in the Electrical Grid Control Department, RTU Department. Currently working as a lecturer at Tikrit University, College of Petroleum Operations Engineering, and Department of Petroleum Systems Control. Gives lectures on the fundamentals of electrical engineering, power electronics, electronics, and electrical machines. Participates in laboratory work and supervises undergraduate students in the laboratory. Research interests in the field of power electronics, electronics, power systems, networks, alternative energy (solar cells and hybrid energy), and artificial intelligence in energy systems. A research PhD student in (Power Systems and Energy Conversion) at the Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University Science Malaysia (USM).

Email: waleed.m@tu.edu.iq

Email: waleed.mahmood@student.usm.my

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6018-0714

Yousif Azzawi Hachim, Tikrit University

YOUSIF AZZAWI HACHIM

Was born in Salah ALdin-Iraq on the twenty-eighth of February 1995. He received his BSc. Electrical Engineering Department at Tikrit University - Salah ALdin - Iraq in 2017. He received his M.Sc. Electrical Engineering - Electrical field from Tikrit University, Tikrit - Iraq in 2021. He is a faculty member in the Department of Electrical Engineering at Tikrit University. He has authored of several papers in international / national Journals and proceedings of conferences. His research interests in Communication and Microwave Engineering.

Email: yousifazzawi@st.tu.edu.iq

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3993-6585

Abdulbari Talib Naser, Al-Yarmouk University College

ABDULBARI TALIB NASER

Received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from Diyala University, Diyala, Iraq, in 2011, and the M.Sc. degree in industrial electrical and electronic from the Universiti Gaziantep, Turkey, in 2017. He has the PhD. degree with the Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Malaysia. He current research interests include in Metaheuristic Algorithms, Control of Converters for Solar Energy, and Renewable Energy.

Email: abdilbareetalib@gmail.com  

https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3974-6910

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2026-09-21

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[1]
W. M. A. Al-Darraji, W. M. Shaher, Y. A. Hachim, and A. T. Naser, “Fuzzy Logic-Based Distributed and Centralized MPPT Architectures for Photovoltaic Systems: A Comparative Study under Dynamic Irradiance and Partial Shading Conditions”, Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 1374–1392, Sep. 2026.

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Vol. 8 No. 5 (2026): October

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Copyright (c) 2026 Waleed Mahmood Abdullah Al-Darraji, Waladdin Mezher Shaher, Yousif Azzawi Hachim, Abdulbari Talib Naser

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