Special Job Exchange Strategies for Enhancing Graduate Employability in Vocational High Schools Center of Excellence in Yogyakarta and Central Java
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v7i2.11649Keywords:
BKK, Vocational, Graduates , Vocational Education , AbsorptionAbstract
This study aims to examine the strategy of the Special Job Exchange (BKK) of the Central Vocational Education Center of Excellence (SMK PK) in Yogyakarta and Central Java in increasing the absorption of graduates in the world of work. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with data collection techniques through interviews with the Principal and Chairman of BKK from 10 PK Vocational education selected through purposive sampling. Data analysis uses Miles and Huberman's interactive model with the help of NVIVO version 12 Plus software. The results of the study show that BKK's main strategy includes cooperation with industry, development of job preparation programs, strengthening students' soft skills and mentality, and the implementation of tracer studies. The challenges faced include students' interests and mentality that need to be improved, limited resources, data and communication management, program synchronization, expansion of industry networks, parental support, and improvement of the quality of graduates. This study concludes that BKK has an important role in increasing the absorption of vocational school graduates, but still faces various challenges that require a comprehensive and collaborative approach to overcome them.
References
A’yunin, I. Q. (2022). Efektivitas peran bursa kerja khusus (BKK) dalam membantu menyalurkan lulusan SMA memasuki dunia kerja di SMA Kartika Wijaya. Jurnal Manajerial Bisnis, 6(1), 22-31. https://doi.org/10.37504/jmb.v6i1.477
Ainah, N. (2020). Efektivitas pelayanan bursa kerja khusus (BKK) sekolah menengah kejuruan negeri (SMKN) 5 Banjarmasin dalam penyaluran tenaga kerja Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB].
Al Hamzah, F. N., & Ujianto, N. T. (2024). Sistem informasi pada bursa kerja khusus SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Pemalang berbasis website. Power Elektronik: Jurnal Orang Elektro, 13(2), 237-239.
Ayu, E. F., & Trihantoyo, S. (2021). Optimalisasi bursa kerja khusus dalam menyalurkan lulusan SMK pada Dunia Usaha/Dunia Industri (DU/DI). Jurnal Inspirasi Manajemen Pendidikan, 9(4), 932-941.
BPS. (2023). Keadaan ketenagakerjaan Indonesa: Agustus 2023. Badan Pusat Statistik.
Cheong, K.-C., & Lee, K.-H. (2016). Malaysia's education crisis-can TVET help? Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies, 53(1), 115-134. https://doi.org/10.1787/888933003668
Cockrill, A., & Scott, P. (1997). Vocational education and training in Germany: Trends and issues. Journal of vocational education and training, 49(3), 337-350. https://doi.org/10.1080/13636829700200019
Diksi. (2020). Program SMK Pusat Keunggulan sebagai Program Prioritas Ditjen Pedndidikan Vokasi. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Vokasi Kemdikbud RI.
Dinata, M. (2020). Pelaksanaan tugas dan fungsi bursa kerja khusus (BKK) di SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Playen. Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi Otomotif, 3(1), 33-46. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpvo.v3i1.34967
Efrinaldi, E., Ambiyar, A., Maksum, H., & Waskito, W. (2023). Kontribusi bursa kerja khusus dan kemampuan bekerjasama terhadap kesiapan memasuki dunia kerja siswa sekolah menengah kejuruan. Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9(1), 396-402. https://doi.org/10.29210/1202323060
Falaqiyah, F. (2021). Analisis bimbingan karir untuk meningkatkan kesiapan kerja pada siswa SMK. Seminar Nasional “Bimbingan dan Konseling Islami”, Yogyakarta.
Fitriana, N., & Wibawani, S. (2022). Pengukuran kinerja bursa kerja khusus sekolah menengah kejuruan dalam meningkatkan keterserapan lulusan di dunia kerja. Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), 4(4), 2697-2706. https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v4i4.1148
Hanif, A., Wuryandini, E., & Murniati, N. A. N. (2023). Manajemen bursa kerja khusus (BKK) pada kompetensi otomotif di SMK Muhamadiyah Belik. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 6(2), 715-725. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v6i2.1311
Hidayati, A., Barr, F. D., & Sigit, K. N. (2021). Kesesuaian kompetensi lulusan SMK dengan kebutuhan dunia usaha dan industri. Ekuitas: Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 9(2), 284-292. https://doi.org/10.23887/ekuitas.v9i2.39508
Hidayati, K. (2023). Manajemen dan peran bursa kerja khusus dalam pengenalan dan pengembangan karier siswa di SMKN 2 Jiwan. Indonesian Journal of Learning and Instructional Innovation, 1(02), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.20961/ijolii.v1i02.1047
Hubbaya, R. a. (2023). Pengaruh manajemen praktik kerja lapangan (PKL) dan manajemen bursa kerja khusus (BKK) terhadap kesiapan kerja peserta didik SMK di Kabupaten Lombok Barat UIN Mataram].
Lestari, D., Sayuti, M., & Biddinika, M. K. (2022). Manajemen dan Strategi Hubungan Masyarakat Untuk Kerja Sama Dunia Kerja Dengan SMK di Kota Metro Lampung. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling (JPDK), 4(6), 10301-10317. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v4i6.10026
Listiana, D. (2019). Manajemen Bursa Kerja Khusus dalam Upaya Peningkatan Penyaluran Lulusan SMK ke Dunia Kerja. Media Manajemen Pendidikan, 2(2), 325-338.
Ma'rufiati, T., Habsya, C., Estriyanto, Y., & Siswandari, S. (2024). Analisis peran dan kesenjangan eksistensi bursa kerja khusus (BKK) dalam menjebatani lulusan SMK memasuki dunia industri. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 7(3), 3383-3390.
Marifa, K. (2020). Manajemen bursa kerja khusus sekolah menengah kejuruan bidang keahlian pariwisata dalam memenuhi kebutuhan dunia kerja. Prosiding Pendidikan Teknik Boga Busana, 15(1).
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. Sage.
Nadiya, A. N. A., & Andari, S. Peran kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kompetensi peserta didik melalui pengelolaan smk pusat keunggulan (PK) di SMK Negeri 1 Kota Probolinggo.
Nasrullah, M. A. N. (2024). Strategi bursa kerja khusus (BKK) dalam upaya meningkatkan keterserapan lulusan di DU/DI/KA program studi teknik pemesinan SMKN 1 Kediri Universitas Negeri Malang].
Nguyen, T. V., Nguyen, H. T., Cao, C. D., & Vu, H. T. T. (2023). Activities of the practice teaching organization and vocational teaching facilities in collaboration between the vocational school and units employing. Journal of Education and e-Learning Research, 10(2), 243-249. https://doi.org/10.20448/jeelr.v10i2.4588
Nurlaili, N. (2022). Manajemen bursa kerja khusus di SMK Negeri 2 Samarinda dalam penyaluran lulusan ke dunia kerja. Aksara: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Nonformal, 8(2), 1291-1300. https://doi.org/10.37905/aksara.8.2.1291-1300.2022
PP.17. (2010). Pengelolaan dan penyelenggaraan pendidikan. Jakarta
Pranoto, H., & Wardoyo, W. (2022). Upaya bursa kerja khusus (BKK) SMK Negeri 2 Terbanggi Besar Lampung Tengah dalam menghadapi hambatan pada pemantapan karier. Counseling Milenial (CM), 3(2), 258-272. https://doi.org/10.24127/konselor.v3i2.2354
Rahmi, M. Y. (2023). Implementasi kebijakan bursa kerja khusus (BKK) di SMK Negeri Parungponteng Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Indonesian Journal Of Education and Humanity, 3(2), 65-72.
Ramli, F. A., & Abd Wahid, N. H. (2021). Perception of vocational colleges academic staffs'on the importance and readiness to collaborate with industry. e-BANGI, 18(7), 191-206.
Rifa’i, M., & Hakim, M. (2023). Strategi kerjasama dalam memberikan layanan lapangan kerja bagi lulusan sekolah menengah kejuruan. Jurnal Educatio FKIP UNMA, 9(1), 35-41. https://doi.org/10.31949/educatio.v9i1.4152
Russell, E. (2018). Making a maths degree work for the workplace. Higher Education Pedagogies, 3(1), 403-416. https://doi.org/10.1080/23752696.2018.1499420
Santoso, T., Muhdi, M., & Miyono, N. (2023). Implementasi manajemen bursa kerja khusus di SMK Negeri 11 Semarang. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan (JMP), 12(1). https://doi.org/10.26877/jmp.v12i1.15135
Sasongko, F. D., Malik, A., & Sativa, S. (2020). Peran bursa kerja khusus (BKK) dalam menyalurkan siswa kompetensi keahlian desain pemodelan dan informasi bangunan (DPIB) SMK N 2 Klaten ke dunia industri. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Sipil, 2(2), 175-189. https://doi.org/10.21831/jpts.v2i2.36351
Sayuti, M., & Mujiarto, M. (2018). Employability skills in vocational high school context: An analysis of the KTSP curriculum. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 1(2), 33-44. https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v1i2.707
Suharno, Harjanto, B., Handayani, N. M., & Sutanti, N. (2018). Evaluation of five-day school program implementation using the model of contex, input, process, and product. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan, 24(1), 155-161. https://doi.org/10.21831/jptk.v24i1.18342
Suprap, S. (2024). Strategi Bursa Kerja Khusus (BKK) SMK Muhammadiyah 04 Boyolali dalam Penyaluran Lulusan. Journal of Education Research, 5(1), 601-610. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i1.841
Susanti, Y. (2023). Analisis kesiapan kerja siswa di SMKN 1 Pati. Seminar Nasional Keindonesiaan (FPIPSKR),
Tabrani, M., Sopandi, R., & Abdussomad, A. (2020). Peningkatan keterserapan lulusan SMKTI Muhammadiyah Cikampek dengan bursa kerja khusus berbasis website. Jurnal Media Informatika Budidarma, 4(2), 396-403. https://doi.org/10.30865/mib.v4i2.2034
Tambun, S. (2021). Peningkatan kemampuan melakukan riset kualitatif dengan menggunakan software NVivo 12 PLus di LAN pusat pelatihan dan pengembangan dan kajian desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah di Samarinda. Jurnal Pemberdayaan Nusantara, 1(2), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.52447/jpn.v1i2.5663
Tentama, F., & Yusantri, S. (2020). The Role of entrepreneurial intention in predicting vocational high school students' employability. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 9(3), 558-563. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v9i3.20580
Tobing, M., & Santoso, A. (2023). Peran bursa kerja khusus dalam menyalurkan siswa lulusan SMK Pangudi Luhur Muntilan untuk memasuki dunia usaha dan dunia industri. Jurnal Elektronik Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Sipil (JEPTS), 11(2), 108-118.
Triana, N. (2021). Pelaksanaan layanan bursa kerja khusus (BKK) dalam upaya meningkatkan keterserapan lulusan. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 10(1), 116-129. https://doi.org/10.15294/eeaj.v10i1.28385
UUSPN. (2003). Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. Jakarta: Indonesia, Pemerintah Pusat
Wahid, S. H., Kususiyanah, A., Sirait, W. Y., & Umbar, K. (2023). Analisis data kualitatif menggunakan Nvivo. Publica Indonesia Utama.
Wibowo, P. A., Kuat, T., & Sayuti, M. (2018). Integrated learning based on competence in vocational high school. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 1(2), 71-76. https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v1i2.699
Widiyarso, T. H., & Sutama, S. (2021). Strategi dan kinerja bursa kerja khusus (BKK) dalam mengantar alumni mendapat pekerjaan di SMK N 1 Bulukerto. Didaktis: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.30651/didaktis.v21i2.7104
Wijaya, M. O., & Utami, E. D. (2021). Determinan Pengangguran Lulusan SMK di Indonesia Tahun 2020. Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, Jakarta.
Yusneti, Y., Ahyani, N., & Eddy, S. (2022). Peran sekolah dalam upaya meningkatkan penyerapan alumni. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(2), 9146-9153.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Journal of Vocational Education Studies (JOVES) agree to the following terms: Authors retain the copyright and grant the Universitas Ahmad Dahlan right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).