Education and Learning Experiences of Language Assistants in Spain, 2019-2024

Authors

  • Andone Lagura Bering Strait School District
  • Samuel F Macagba III Xavier University Junior High School

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v6i3.13049

Keywords:

Cultural Exchange Programs, Language Assistants, Passion for Teaching, Personal Growth and Professional Development, Professional Development Strategies

Abstract

Background. Cultural exchange for teachers thrives when educators are supported by intentional professional growth opportunities, which is why this study explores how core professional development (PD) strategies shape the development of Filipino Language Assistants in Spain.
Methods. This study employed a quantitative descriptive-correlational design to examine the personal growth and professional development of teachers participating in a cultural exchange program concerning their passion for teaching. The researchers developed instruments to measure PD strategies, personal growth, and teaching passion. A total of 83 Filipino Language Assistants (LAs) in Spain were selected through simple random sampling. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results. Findings indicated that LAs recognized professional development, personal growth, and passion for teaching as evident in their participation in the program. No significant differences in these outcomes were found across age, gender, length of teaching experience, or program tenure. However, the PD strategies of mentoring, networking, collaborating, and reflecting emerged as key contributors to teachers’ professional growth and passion for teaching.
Conclusion. The study underscores the importance of continuous professional development in sustaining teachers’ passion. Although PD may not be a primary component of the cultural exchange program, the Ministry of Education should consider integrating structured PD opportunities so that the program can be more successful. Embedding these four core strategies into future programming is essential for enhancing teacher growth, development, and long-term commitment to the teaching profession.

References

stages of Career Development: Where you are + how to grow. Preplaced. (2024). https://www.preplaced.in/blog/5-stages-of-career-=development-where-you-are-how-to-grow

evolución por países de los auxiliares de conversación por tipo de programa, país y periodo. INE. (n.d.). https://estadisticas.educacion.gob.es/EducaJaxiPx/Tabla.htm?path=%2Fexterior%2Faccion%2Fseries%2Fl0%2F&file=series_09.px&L=0

About the bureau. (n.d.). Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs. https://eca.state.gov/about-bureau

Art of Mentoring. (2023). The common pitfalls in mentoring programs. https://artofmentoring.net/the-common-pitfalls-in-mentoring- programs/

Asis, M. M. B. (2020). The Philippines: Beyond Labor Migration, toward development and (possibly) return. migrationpolicy.org. https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/philippines-beyond-labor-migration-toward-development-and-possibly-return#:~:text=Filipino%20women%20are%20very%20visible,up%20in%20the%20sex%20industry.

Bowman, M. (2013). Teacher mentoring as a means to improve schools. BU Journal of Graduate Studies in Education. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1230726

Brule, H. & Skinner, E. (2020). Vocational development, Human Development. Available at:

https://pdx.pressbooks.pub/humandevelopment/chapter/vocationaldevelopment/#:~:text=A%20primary%20task%20of%20early,be%20negotiated%20during%20middle%20adulthood. (Accessed: 26 December 2024).

Carty, A. and Marie Farrell, A. (2018), Co-teaching in a mainstream post-primary mathematics classroom: an evaluation of models of co-teaching from the perspective of the teachers. Support for Learning, 33: 101-121. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9604.12198

Center for Teaching & Learning, University of California, Berkeley. (2024). Reflective teaching. Retrieved November 19, 2024, from https://teaching.berkeley.edu/teaching-guides/advancing-equity-and-inclusion/reflective-teaching

Convocatorias del Ministerio. Ministerio de Educación, Formación Profesional y Deportes / Acción educativa exterior. (2025). https://www.educacionfpydeportes.gob.es/eeuu/convocatorias-programas/ministerio.html

Crosswell, L. J., & Elliott, R. G. (2004). Committed teachers, passionate teachers: The dimension of passion associated with teacher commitment and engagement. Australian Association for Research in Education (AARE) Conference, November 28 – December 2, 2004. Melbourne, Australia.

Eschler, B. H. (2016). Finnish Teacher Collaboration: The Behaviors, Learning, and Formality of Teacher Collaboration (Order No. 10251037). Available from ProQuest Central. (1867557412). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/finnish-teacher-collaboration-behaviors-learning/docview/1867557412/se-2

Eva, A. (2022). Why teachers need each other right now. Greater Good.

https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/why_teachers_need_each_other_right_now

Evans, J. (2023). The importance of establishing clear expectations. Joshua M. Evans. https://joshuamevans.com/the-importance-of- establishing-clear-expectations/

Experiential learning. (2021). Institute for Teaching and Learning Innovation - University of Queensland. https://itali.uq.edu.au/teaching-guidance/teaching-practices/active-learning/experiential-learning

Experiential Learning. (2023). What is experiential learning? - Institute for Experiential Learning. https://experientiallearninginstitute.org/what-is-experiential-learning/

Experiential Learning | Center for Teaching & Learning. (2001). © 2023 Boston University. https://www.bu.edu/ctl/guides/experiential-learning/Institute for Experiential Learning

Fabelico, F. & Afalla, B. (2020). Perseverance and passion in the teaching profession: Teachers' grit, self-efficacy, burnout, and performance. Journal of Critical Reviews. 7. 108-119. 10.31838/jcr.07.11.17.

Farrell, T. S. C. (2015). Promoting teacher reflection in second language education: A framework for TESOL professionals. Routledge.

Frias, J. (2024, September 20). Supporting new teachers through effective mentorships. Teaching Channel. https://www.teachingchannel.com/k12-hub/blog/supporting-new-teachers-through-effective-mentorships/

Hargreaves, A. (2019) Teacher collaboration: 30 years of research on its nature, forms, limitations and effects, Teachers and Teaching, 25:5, 603-621, DOI: 10.1080/13540602.2019.1639499

Hayes, S. D. & Mahfouz, J. (2020). Principalship and mentoring: A review of perspectives, evidence, and literature 1999 – 2019. Research in Educational Administration & Leadership, 5(3), 722-751. DOI: 10.30828/real/2020.3.4

Hee, S. K., Byun, K., Kim, E. G., Kim, H., Jae-Eun, J., Purnomo, E. H., Ngo, T. L. (2023). Development of global citizenship in international student exchange programs in ASEAN+3 countries: The mediating role of host university academic experiences. KEDI Journal of Educational Policy, 20(1) Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/development-global-citizenship-international/docview/2836309700/se-2

Horn, A. S., & Fry, G. W. (2013). Promoting global citizenship through study abroad: The influence of program destination, type, and duration on the propensity for development volunteerism. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 24(4),1159-1179.

Khasawneh, Y. J. A., Alsarayreh, R., Ajlouni, A. A. A., Eyadat, H. M., Ayasrah, M. N., & Khasawneh, M. A. S. (2023). An examination of teacher collaboration in professional learning communities and collaborative teaching practices. Journal of Education and E-Learning Research, 10(3), 446–452. 10.20448/jeelr.v10i3.4841

Kolb, D. A. (1984). Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. http://academic.regis.edu/ed205/Kolb.pdf

Linder, S., & McGaha, J. (2013). Building on successes: Reflections from two approaches to study abroad for undergraduate and graduate students. Educational Forum, 77(3), 379–389.

Luehmann, A., & Tinelli, L. (2008). Teacher professional identity development with social networking technologies: Learning reform through blogging. Educational Media International, 45(4), 323-333. doi:10.1080/09523980802573263

Mallillin, L. L. D., & Laurel, R. D. (2022). PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM THEORY FOR QUALITY EDUCATION. European Journal of Education Studies, 9(8). https://doi.org/10.46827/ejes.v9i8.4407

Mart, C. (2018). A passionate teacher: Teacher commitment and dedication to student learning.

Mathipa, E. R., & Matlabe, S. M. (2015, November 30). Mentoring: A key to the professional development of the teacher. Journal of the International Society for Teacher Education. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1177051

Medill, K. R. (2024, September 10). Improving your teaching practice through systematic reflection. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/teacher-reflection-strategies-improve-practice?utm

Moè, A. (2016). Harmonious passion and its relationship with teacher well being. Teaching and Teacher Education. Volume 59, 2016. Pages 431-437. ISSN 0742-051X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2016.07.017

Moore, L., Simpson, E., Coudé, G., Grigaityte, K., Iacoboni, M., Ferrari, P. (2014). Empathy: Gender effects in brain and behavior. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. Volume 46, Part 4,ISSN 0149-7634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.001.

Poulin, M. T. (2014). Social Networking Tools and Teacher Education Learning Communities: A Case Study (Order No. 3579645). . (1508480782). https://www.proquest.com/dissertations-theses/social-networking-tools-teacher-education/docview/1508480782/se-2

Professional Teaching Certificate Renewal. (2023). https://www.michigan.gov/mde/services/ed-serv/ed-cert/cert-guidance/teacher-recertification/progress-to-professional/professional-renewal

Rahman Khan, F. (2020). PASSION-BASED TEACHING IN CLASSROOM: AN ANALYSIS USING SEM-PLS APPROACH. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews, 8(3), 562–573. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2020.8361

Reach & Teach. (2024). The power of reflection: Enhancing professional growth and development in teaching. Teaching Jobs Abroad. https://www.reachandteach.net/post/the-power-of-reflection-enhancing-professional-growth-and-development-in-teaching?

Rhodes, J. (2024). It’s time to shed light on the “black box” of mentoring programs. The Chronicle of EvidenceBased Mentoring. https://www.evidencebasedmentoring.org/its-time-to-shed-light-on-the-black-box-of-mentoring-programs/

Rhodes, J. E. (2024). All you need is deep-level similarity: Predictors of quality mentoring matches. The Chronicle of Evidence-Based Mentoring. Retrieved November 19, 2024, from https://www.evidencebasedmentoring.org/all-you-need-is-deep-level-similarity-predictors-of-quality-mentoring-matches/

Rickey, D., & Wisehart, R. (2024). The habit of passionate teaching: Reflections on teaching for learning. BookLocker.com, Inc.

Rodriguez, V. (2021). National teacher week: Women and the teaching brain. MomsRising. https://www.momsrising.org/blog/national- teacher-week-women-and-the-teaching-brain

Rodriguez, V., & Fitzpatrick, M. (2014). The teaching brain: An evolutionary trait at the heart of Education. The New Press.

Sauku, V. H. (2015, October). Passionate teachers and their profession. European Academic Research Vol. III, Issue 7. https://euacademic.org/currentissue.aspx

Scroope, C. (2017). Filipino - Core Concepts. Cultural Atlas. https://culturalatlas.sbs.com.au/filipino-culture/filipino-culture-core-concepts#:~:text=Filipinos%20are%20usually%20very%20warm,their%20hometown%2C%20family%20or%20country.

Smith, R., Ralston, N. C., Naegele, Z., & Waggoner, J. (2019, November 30). Team teaching and learning: A model of effective professional development for teachers. Professional Educator. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1276114

Suphasn, P., & Chinokul, S. (2021). Reflective Practice in Teacher Education: Issues, Challenges and Considerations. PASAA, 62, 236-264.

Talafian, H., Lundsgaard, M., Mahmood, M., Shafer, D., Stelzer, T., & Kuo, E. (2023). Responsive Professional Development: A Facilitation Approach for Teachers' Development in a Physics Teaching Community of Practice. ArXiv. https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.11375

Utsumi, L., & Kizu, J. (2006). Mentoring Alternative Certification Teachers: Perceptions from the Field.

Yang, L. (2021). Experienced Teachers’ Professional Development: Needs and Paths. In: Peters, M.A. (eds) Encyclopedia of Teacher Education. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1179-6_127-1

Downloads

Published

2025-09-01

How to Cite

Lagura, A., & Macagba III, S. F. (2025). Education and Learning Experiences of Language Assistants in Spain, 2019-2024. International Journal of Educational Management and Innovation, 6(3), 240–255. https://doi.org/10.12928/ijemi.v6i3.13049

Issue

Section

Articles