What drives tourists to return? The mediating role of tourist satisfaction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/fokus.v16i1.15681Abstract
To measure the intensity of tourist behavior, tourist attractions, infrastructure, and local cuisine as initial stimuli influencing tourist satisfaction and the final decision to revisit. Lampung, Indonesia, located at the southern gateway of Sumatera, has strong tourism potential supported by diverse natural attractions, cultural heritage, and local wisdom. This study examines the influence of tourist attractions, infrastructure, and local cuisine on tourists’ intention to revisit, with tourist satisfaction as a mediating variable. A quantitative causal-associative design was applied, involving 150 domestic tourists selected through purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using structural equation model-partial least square. The results show that tourist attractions, infrastructure, and local cuisines significantly affect revisit intention. Tourist satisfaction also has a significant positive effect and mediates the relationships between destination attributes and revisit intention. These findings indicate that positive destination experiences enhance satisfaction, which in turn strengthens the intention to revisit. The study contributes to the tourism literature by confirming the mediating role of tourist satisfaction in the relationship between destination attributes and behavioral intentions. Practically, stakeholders should improve attractions, infrastructure, and culinary experiences to enhance satisfaction and support sustainable tourism development.
References
Abbas, J., Mamirkulova, G., Al-Sulaiti, I., Al-Sulaiti, K. I., & Dar, I. B. (2024). Mega-infrastructure development, tourism sustainability, and quality-of-life assessment at world heritage sites: Catering to COVID-19 challenges. Kybernetes, 54(4), 1993–2018. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-07-2023-1345
Abiola-Oke, E. (2025). Examining the structural relationship between destination competitiveness and brand image in Southwest Nigeria. Institutions and Development Research Journal, 1(1), 109–128. https://doi.org/10.66038/IDeRJ-16
Acharya, S., Mekker, M., & De Vos, J. (2023). Linking travel behavior and tourism literature: Investigating the impacts of travel satisfaction on destination satisfaction and revisit intention. Transportation Research Interdisciplinary Perspectives, 17, 100745.
Achmad, F., Prambudia, Y., & Rumanti, A. A. (2023). Improving tourism industry performance through support system facilities and stakeholders: The role of environmental dynamism. Sustainability, 15(5), 4103. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054103
Adirestuty, F., Ratnasart, R. T., Wardhana, A. K., Miraj, D. A., & Battour, M. (2025). Gastronomy of religious tourism: Overview and future research agenda. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 58(1), 188–199. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.58116-1401
Akoğul, E., & Selçuk, G. N. (2025). Effect of international food tourists’ food experiences on place attachment and behavioral intentions: The moderating role of food variety seeking tendency. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 31(3), 753–770. https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667241230345
Alfarhan, U. F., & Nusair, K. (2022). First-time, first-repeat and multiple-repeat visitors: A conditional counterfactual quantile expenditure decomposition analysis. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(15), 2377–2383. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1960804
Al-Sulaiti, I. (2022). Mega shopping malls technology-enabled facilities, destination image, tourists’ behavior and revisit intentions: Implications of the SOR theory. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 10, 965642. https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2022.965642
Amalia, R., Wibisono, N., & Elliott-White, M. (2023). Increasing tourist revisit intention in Garut tourist attractions: The role of destination image and tourist satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Innovation (JMI), 3(2). https://doi.org/10.35313/jmi.v3i2.74
Apak, Ö. C., & Gürbüz, A. (2023). The effect of local food consumption of domestic tourists on sustainable tourism. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 71, 103192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2022.103192
Apriyanti, M. E., Sumaryoto, S., & Meirinaldi, M. (2024). The importance of tourism infrastructure in increasing domestic and international tourism. International Journal of Research in Vocational Studies (IJRVOCAS), 3(4), 113–122. https://doi.org/10.53893/ijrvocas.v3i4.46
Arabov, N., Belotserkovskaya, N., Nasimov, D., Utemuratova, G., Abduraimov, D., & Makhmudova, M. (2023). Improving methods for assessing the effectiveness of tourism infrastructure development. E3S Web of Conferences, 452, 07012. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202345207012
Arcadu, M., & Migliorini, L. (2026). Building share identities through food: A qualitative analysis of social representations of typical food during early adolescence. Food, Culture & Society, 29(1), 144–163. https://doi.org/10.1080/15528014.2024.2444143
Badu-Baiden, F., Correia, A., & Kim, S. (2022). How do tourists’ memorable local gastronomy experiences and their personal gastronomic traits influence destination loyalty? A fuzzy set approach. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 39(5), 501–515. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2022.2148041
Baghirov, F., Bozbay, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2025). Individual factors impacting tourist satisfaction and revisit intention in slow tourism cities: An extended model. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 11(1), 63-82. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-05-2023-0094
Bai, Y., & Lai, I. K. W. (2025). A three‐stage organism structure of the stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R) framework in tourism research. International Journal of Tourism Research, 27(5), e70123. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.70123
Basendwah, M., Amarneh, S., Majid, H. H., & Alawi Al-sakkaf, M. (2024). The expectations and motivations of tourists from green destinations. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83753-746-420241013
Boluwaji, F. A. (2025). Tourists facilities and revisit intentions in selected tourist centres in Lagos State, Nigeria. American Journal of Tourism Hospitality, 3(1), 117-126. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajth.v3i1.4690
Boro, K. (2022). Destination service quality, tourist satisfaction and revisit intention: The moderating role of income and occupation of tourist. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Culinary Arts, 14(3), 23–40.
Butler, R. (2017). The tourist experience: Can destinations maintain authenticity? Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 9(6), 617–626. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-09-2017-0044
Cakir, M. U, & Sengul, S. (2026). Enhancing the nation’s culinary brand: Exploring the branding of Turkish cuisine with the stimulus–organism–response theory. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 38(6), 2057–2079. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-05-2025-0666
Çetin, İ., Ozgul Katlav, E., & Çobanoglu, C. (2024). The effect of border tourism destination attributes on tourist satisfaction and revisit intention: The case of province of van. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 25(5), 1164–1193. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2022.2149675
Chancellor, C., Townson, L., & Duffy, L. (2021). Destination ambassador programs: Building informed tourist friendly destinations. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 21, 100639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2021.100639
Chew, X., Atiyah, A. G., Alnoor, A., Abbas, S., Muhsen, Y. R., & Bayram, G. E. (2025). Partial least squares structural equation modeling and complementary methods in business research. Springer Nature.
Chin, C. H., Wong, W. P. M., & Wahap, D. Z. B. A. A. (2022). Effects of destination appeal and tourism infrastructure on rural tourism destination competitiveness and revisit intention: A study in Bario Kelabit Highland. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences (PJCSS), 16(3), 366–386.
Chin, C. H., Wong, W. P. M., Ngian, E. T., & Langet, C. (2022). Does environmental stimulus matters to tourists'satisfaction and revisit intention: A study on rural tourism destinations in Sarawak, Malaysia. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 42, 683-692. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.422spl06-877
Choe, J. Y. J., & Kim, S. S. (2018). Effects of tourists’ local food consumption value on attitude, food destination image, and behavioral intention. International journal of hospitality management, 71, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2017.11.007
Ciki, K. D., Kahraman, O. C., Tanriverdi, H., & Ramkissoon, H. (2026). The role of user satisfaction in mediating the effectiveness of online travel platform content on tourists’ behavioral intentions. International Journal of Tourism Research, 28(3), e70368. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.70368
Dao, N. T. B. (2019). A perception into food image and revisit intention for local cuisine from foreign tourist perspective–The case of Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 4(2). https://doi.org/10.24018/ejbmr.2019.4.2.40
Dashti, M., Sanayei, A., Dolatabadi, H. R., & Javadi, M. H. M. (2019). Application of the stimuli-organism-response framework to factors influencing social commerce intentions among social network users. International Journal of Business Information Systems, 30(2), 177–202. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJBIS.2019.097534
Dhillon, P. (2024). Examining the role of culinary tourism in destination image. Journal of Tourism Insights, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.9707/2328-0824.1351
Dias, A., & Posheliuznaia, A. (2025). The flavor of place: Examining the impact of authentic local cuisine on tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, 31(2), 1–27. https://doi.org/10.48416/ijsaf.v31i2.630
Doyle, J., & Kelliher, F. (2023). Bringing the past to life: Co-creating tourism experiences in historic house tourist attractions. Tourism Management, 94, 104656.
Dulhamid, H. A., Isa, M. I., Mohamed, B., & Sazali, M. F. (2022). Motivational factors in influencing the international tourists travel to tourism attractions in Penang. Planning Malaysia, 20. https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v20i20.1075
Espiritu, M. J. (2026). Authenticity in culinary tourism: Understanding tourist expectations and experiences. International Journal of Sustainability and Advanced Integrated Research, 2(1), 25-32. https://doi.org/10.65339/ijsair.V2.I1.04
Eviana, N., & Yusrini, L. (2025). Do they return for food? Exploring the role of memorable food experiences and destination image. Turyzm/Tourism, 35(2), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.18778/0867-5856.2025.18
Fathy, E. A., Salem, I. E., Zidan, H. A. K. Y., & Abdien, M. K. (2025). From plate to post: How foodstagramming enriches tourist satisfaction and creates memorable experiences in culinary tourism. Current Issues in Tourism, 28(20), 3373–3392. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2024.2405625
Ghanem, M., & Shaaban, K. (2022). Determinants of memorable sightseeing bus-tour experiences: Identifying and evaluating destination related attributes. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 22(2), 209–225. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584211038242
Gómez-Rico, M., Molina-Collado, A., Santos-Vijande, M. L., & Bilgihan, A. (2022). Motivations, self-congruity and restaurant innovativeness as antecedents of a creative-food tourism experience: The moderating effect of first-time and repeat tourists. British Food Journal, 124(2), 406–429. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-03-2021-0271
Gorji, A. S., Garcia, F. A., & Mercadé-Melé, P. (2023). Tourists’ perceived destination image and behavioral intentions towards a sanctioned destination: Comparing visitors and non-visitors. Tourism Management Perspectives, 45, 101062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2022.101062
Guleria, A., Joshi, R., & Adil, M. (2023). The impact of memorable tourism experiences on customer-based destination brand equity: The mediating role of destination attachment and overall satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(4), 1994–2013. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-03-2023-0220
Guo, X., Wang, Y., Tao, J., & Guan, H. (2024). Identifying unique attributes of tourist attractions: An analysis of online reviews. Current Issues in Tourism, 27(3), 479–497. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2023.2165904
Gupta, V., & Matatolu, I. (2025). Natural soundscapes and satisfaction: Unpacking the affective and cognitive drivers of tourist loyalty in nature-based tourist destinations. Journal of Ecotourism, 0(0), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/14724049.2025.2519157
Gupta, V., & Sharma, K. (2024). Food authenticity, culture, and tourism: Analysing the dimensions of local gastronomic image among foreign tourists in Fiji. British Food Journal, 126(12), 4124–4146. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-04-2024-0343
Hadi, Y., Daraba, D., Ilham, M., & Achmad, M. (2025). Government strategy for sembalun tourism destination in East Lombok Timur Regency to support Mandalika as a Super priority tourism destination. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Studies, 7(6), 47–73. https://doi.org/10.32996/jhsss.2025.7.6.7
Hair, J. F., Matthews, L. M., Matthews, R. L., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). PLS-SEM or CB-SEM: updated guidelines on which method to use. International Journal of Multivariate Data Analysis, 1(2), 107-123. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMDA.2017.087624
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hao, Y., Hasna, M. F., & Abdul Aziz, F. (2024). The role of emotional mediation in visitor experiences in art tourism: Based on stimulus-organism-response model. Current Psychology, 43(44), 34018–34034. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06913-6
Hariyanto, O. I. B., Sihombing, D. A., & Purba, H. R. P. (2025). Intellectual property in tourism through traditional food as an Indonesian cultural heritage: A case study on maintaining the sustainability of traditional food in the Riau Islands. In Handbook of Sustainability in Tourism and Hospitality in Indonesia (pp. 869–891). Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3379-1_32
Hashemi, S., Jasim Mohammed, H., Singh Dara Singh, K., Abbasi, G., & Shahreki, J. (2023). Exploring the effects of place attachment and positive emotions on place satisfaction and intentional behaviour in Iranian ski resort: A perspective from S-O-R model. Journal of Sport & Tourism, 27(2), 161–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/14775085.2023.2186929
He, Y., Zhang, H., He, Z., & Zhang, H. (2026). Impact of environmental perceptions on participation satisfaction in sports events: A cross-sectional study based on the SOR theory. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-04-2025-0522
Hermawan, H., Wijayanti, A., Nurfitriana, C., Saputra, A., & Sinangjoyo, N. (2022). The significance of tourism attraction and social media promotion on the interest of return visit. Tourism and Hospitality International Journal, 18(1), 60–83. https://doi.org/10.57883/thij18(1)2022.30917
Hökelekli̇, N. A., & Güneren, E. (2025). The relationships between food experience, destination food image, electronic word of mouth and revisit intention: A study on Gaziantep. Journal of Tourism & Gastronomy Studies, 13(1), 653–679. https://doi.org/10.21325/jotags.2025.1576
Hoque, M. N., Jannat, S. N., Arafat, Y., & Miah, M. M. (2026). Predictive modeling of tourist satisfaction based on service marketing mix elements using machine learning techniques. The Scientific World Journal, 2026(1), 6666970. https://doi.org/10.1155/tswj/6666970
Huang, H. Y., Ku, E. C. S., & Chen, C. D. (2022). Cloud infrastructure enhancing product competitive advantage of tourism SMEs on online consumption values of tourists. Business Process Management Journal, 28(4), 1146–1163. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-05-2022-0246
Huang, R., & Bu, H. M. (2022). Destination attributes of memorable chinese rural tourism experiences: Impact on positive arousal, memory and behavioral intention. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 15, 3639–3661. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S387241
Hurdawaty, R., Dahana, W. D., & Farradia, Y. (2025). Understanding revisit intention in local culinary tourism: The mediating role of memorable culinary tourism experience and destination image. Tourism and Hospitality, 6(4), 184. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp6040184
Hwang, S., Lee, D., & Kang, C. Y. (2018). Medical tourism: Focusing on patients’ prior, current, and post experience. International Journal of Quality Innovation, 4(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40887-018-0024-2
Huynh, D. V., & Duong, L. H. (2025). Religious tourism: Unveiling the role of authenticity and emotional solidarity in enhancing tourists’ memorable experiences and destination loyalty. In Contemporary Religious Tourism: Multidisciplinary insights, Environmental Engagement, and Community Impact (pp. 15-29). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-79074-4_2
Iamtrakul, P., Chayphong, S., Seo, D., & Trinh, T. A. (2025). Promoting accessibility for sustainable tourism: A spatial analysis of tourist attractions and public transportation networks in Bangkok. City, Territory and Architecture, 12(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40410-025-00266-8
Ibrahim, M. A., Wan Mohd Zain, W. M. A., Mior Shariffuddin, N. S., Azinuddin, M., Mohd Salim, M. N. H., & Zainul, N. H. (2025). Crafting food destination image in the social media age: Dynamics of consumption, experience and culture differences. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 8(5), 1907–1926. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-12-2023-0885
Ingkadijaya, R., Sulistian, M. D., & Mumin, A. T. (2022). Revisiting intention among tourist: The role of facilitating infrastructure and service quality. At-Tadbir : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 6(2), 181–190. https://doi.org/10.31602/atd.v6i2.7212
Isa, S. M., Ariyanto, H. H., & Kiumarsi, S. (2020). The effect of place attachment on visitors’ revisit intentions: Evidence from Batam. Tourism Geographies. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2019.1618902
Jalali, A., Abhari, S., Anatolievich Bachkirov, A., Jaafar, M., & Nikbin, D. (2026). The determinants of local food consumption value at family-owned restaurants and their impact on tourist satisfaction and behavioural intentions. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 9(2), 804–822. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-03-2025-0352
Kamata, H. (2022). Tourist destination residents’ attitudes towards tourism during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Current Issues in Tourism, 25(1), 134–149. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2021.1881452
Kanwal, S., Rasheed, M. I., Pitafi, A. H., Pitafi, A., & Ren, M. (2020). Road and transport infrastructure development and community support for tourism: The role of perceived benefits, and community satisfaction. Tourism Management, 77, 104014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2019.104014
Karim, R. A., Rabiul, M. K., & Arfat, S. M. (2024). Factors influencing tourists’ behavioural intentions towards beach destinations: The mediating roles of destination experience and destination satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 7(4), 2033–2054. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-04-2023-0276
Khairani, F., Fahrezi, R. D., & Selwendri, S. (2026). The influence of digital marketing and tourist motivation on interest in visiting the Lau Kawar Lake tourist attraction. Jurnal Multidisiplin Sahombu, 6(01), 200–206.
Khoshkam, M., Marzuki, A., Nunkoo, R., Pirmohammadzadeh, A., & Kiumarsi, S. (2022). The impact of food culture on patronage intention of visitors: The mediating role of satisfaction. British Food Journal, 125. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-12-2020-1165
Kim, S., Choe, J. Y., & Kim, P. B. (2022). Effects of local food attributes on tourist dining satisfaction and future: The moderating role of food culture difference. Journal of China Tourism Research, 18(1), 121-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2020.1805667
Kock, N. (2016). Hypothesis testing with confidence intervals and P values in PLS-SEM. International Journal of E-Collaboration (IJeC), 12(3), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJeC.2016070101
Kuo, Y., & Helm, S. (2024). How ethnic congruence affects authenticity and perceived taste of traditional foods. International Marketing Review, 42(1), 83–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-10-2023-0281
Kusumah, E. P. (2023). Sustainable tourism concept: Tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 10(1), 166–184. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-04-2023-0074
Lasisi, T. T., Odei, S. A., & Eluwole, K. K. (2025). Smart destination competitiveness: Underscoring its impact on economic growth. Journal of Tourism Futures, 11(2), 286–306. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTF-09-2022-0243
Lee, Q. Y., Goi, C. L., Zins, A. H., Adeyinka-Ojo, S., Sabani, N., & Jimmie, A. (2026). Exploring digital storytelling contexts from cultural heritage for effective tourism destinations marketing: A study on Sarawak, Malaysia. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 41, 101112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2026.101112
Li, J. (2025). Sustainable tourism development using multi‐criteria decision making in China tourism destination. Sustainable Development. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.70517
Li, M. W., Kim, Y. R., Liu, A., Scarles, C., & Chen, J. L. (2026). From storytelling to visit intention: Mapping the emotional mechanism in food travel vlog viewing through an integrated SOR-CAT model. Tourism Review, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-08-2025-0927
Lin, B., Wang, S., Fu, X., & Yi, X. (2023). Beyond local food consumption: The impact of local food consumption experience on cultural competence, eudaimonia and behavioral intention. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 35(1), 137–158. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2022-0099
Lin, M. (2024). Understanding the influencing factors of tourists’ revisit intention in traditional villages. Heliyon, 10(15). https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2022-0099
Liu, C. H., Wu, T. L., & Ng, Y. L. (2025). An examination of local food consumption experience and notions of place identity from local, non-local and foreign tourist perspective. British Food Journal, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/BFJ-02-2025-0212
Lo, M. C., Chin, C. H., & Law, F. Y. (2019). Tourists’ perspectives on hard and soft services toward rural tourism destination competitiveness: Community support as a moderator. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 19(2), 139–157. https://doi.org/10.1177/1467358417715677
Lowry, P. B., & Gaskin, J. (2014). Partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modeling (SEM) for building and testing behavioral causal theory: When to choose it and how to use it. IEEE transactions on professional communication, 57(2), 123-146. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPC.2014.2312452
Luong, T. B., & Long, D. H. (2025). The relationship between food experiences, attitude, food destination image, and revisit intention: The moderating role of food culture. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 0(0), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/1528008X.2024.2449116
Luong, T. B., & Nguyen, D. T. A. (2025). Culinary involvement, cultural background, and culinary expertise: Interconnections between destination pull factors, culinary destination image, culinary experiences, and loyalty in Hanoi’s culinary tourism. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14673584251330185. https://doi.org/10.1177/14673584251330185
Lyu, J., Li, Y., Mao, Z., & Huang, H. (2022). The effect of innovation on tourists’ revisit intention toward tourism destinations. Tourism Review, 78(1), 142–158. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-05-2022-0258
Lyu, J., Qiu, H., Ren, L., Mao, Z., & Huang, Y. (2025). Co‐creating rural tourism’s competitive edge through specialty food and cuisine: An ecosystem approach. International Journal of Tourism Research, 27(6), e70164. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.70164
Mahboob, M. H., Ashfaq, M., Humayon, A. A., & Kan, M. (2022). Tourists’ attitudes toward cultural heritage: Pre-and post-visit evaluation. In Tourist Behavior (pp. 203–218). Apple Academic Press.
Mamirkulova, G., Akbar, I., Tazhekova, A., Myrzaliyeva, Z., & Pazylkhaiyr, B. (2025). The role of environmental infrastructure in enhancing place affection and quality of life: Evidence from a mountainous tourism destination in Lenger town of Kazakhstan. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 61(3), 1594–1603. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.61318-1528
Martin, T., Blair, J. R., & Titlebaum, P. (2025). Decisions…decisions: Should cities bring in major sporting events and build new infrastructure? Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science, 35(3), 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/21639159.2025.2497759
Martins, H., & Pinheiro, A. J. (2022). Visitors’ perception of tourist attractions in a green protected area: The case study of the peneda-gerês national park. In Cultural sustainable tourism: Strategic planning for a sustainable development (pp. 51–65). Springer.
Masriah, I., Ingkadijaya, R., & Mumin, A. T. (2024). The influence of tourism facilities and attractions on revisit intentions with visitor satisfaction as an intervening variable: A study on Kampung AEWO Mulyaharja Bogor. International Journal of Applied Sciences in Tourism and Events, 8(2), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.31940/ijaste.v8i2.109-124
Mehrabian, A., & Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. The MIT Press.
Mihai, V. C., Dumitras, D. E., Oroian, C., Chiciudean, G. O., Arion, F. H., & Mureșan, I. C. (2023). Exploring the factors involved in tourists’ decision-making and determinants of length of stay. Administrative Sciences, 13(10), 215. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13100215
Mishra, S. S., Ruliya, R., Ambardar, A., & Ambardar, M. G. (2025). Local culinary traditions and their impact on tourist satisfaction and sustainable branding. International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, 42, 101382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2025.101382
Mohamad, D., & Jaafar, M. (2016). Comfort level of physical infrastructure provision in Langkawi Island: Viewing through the lens of tourism and transportation facilities. Research Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology, 11(3), 38–44.
Morrison, A. M., Cheah, J. H, & Kumar, R. (2025). A destination performance measurement framework: Exploring the relationships among performance criteria and revisit intentions. Current Issues in Tourism, 28(5), 773–791. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2024.2309149
Munir, S., Haq, I. U., Cheema, A. N., Almanjahie, I. M., & Khan, D. (2025). The role of tourists, infrastructure and institutions in sustainable tourism: A structural equation modeling approach. Sustainability, 17(7), 2841. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17072841
Nanggong, A., & Mohammad, A. (2024). Does tourism experience matter in cultural tourism destinations? Predicting future tourist behavior. Asian Management and Business Review, 122–136. https://doi.org/10.20885/AMBR.vol4.iss1.art8
Nian, S., Li, D., Zhang, J., Lu, S., & Zhang, X. (2023). Stimulus-organism-response framework: Is the perceived outstanding universal value attractiveness of tourists beneficial to world heritage site conservation? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(2), 1189. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20021189
Nopriana, A., Valeriani, D., Kurniawan, K., & Sugeng, N. W. (2024). The Influence of attractions, facilities and accessibility on tourist satisfaction at Parai Tenggiri Beach, Bangka Regency. TRJ Tourism Research Journal, 8(2), 336–349. https://doi.org/10.30647/trj.v8i2.202
Nur, I., Suriani, S., Abubakar, H., Baharuddin, S. M., Salam, E. A., & Vano, V. (2025). Navigating satisfaction in smart tourism: A multi-destination study of infrastructure, safety, and accessibility in post-pandemic Indonesia. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 23(3). https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2025.023.3.05
Omo-Obas, P., & Anning-Dorson, T. (2022). Cognitive-affective-motivation factors influencing international visitors’ destination satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(5), 2222–2240. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-05-2022-0178
Orbelyan, G. (2024). Socio-economic challenges for the urban ecosystem: Complex model of smart tourism and infrastructure. SocioEconomic Challenges, 8(4), 146–160. https://doi.org/10.61093/sec.8(4).146-160.2024
Park, E., & Widyanta, A. (2022). Food tourism experience and changing destination foodscape: An exploratory study of an emerging food destination. Tourism Management Perspectives, 42, 100964.
Paulino, I., Zaragozí, B., Medina-Chavarria, M. E., & Gutiérrez, A. (2025). The role of service and transport infrastructures in shaping tourist visitation patterns in the Ebro Delta. Applied Mobilities, 10(2), 130–152. https://doi.org/10.1080/23800127.2025.2469196
Perry, M. (2023). Role of cultural heritage preservation in destination branding and tourist experience enhancement. Hospitality and Tourism Journal, 1(1), 36-47-36–47.
Pessoa, R. A., Oliveira, O., & Souza, L. L. F. (2022). Factors that make a destination fascinating and motivate (re) visit. Spanish Journal of Marketing-ESIC, 26(2), 210–230. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-12-2021-0231
Qiu, H., Wang, X., Wu, M. Y., Wei, W., Morrison, A. M., & Kelly, C. (2023). The effect of destination source credibility on tourist environmentally responsible behavior: An application of stimulus-organism-response theory. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 31(8), 1797–1817. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2022.2067167
Rahmawati, A. I. (2021). Pengaruh online customer review, online customer rating dan kepercayaan terhadap keputusan pembelian online (Studi kasus pada mahasiswa FEB Universitas PGRI Semarang). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Ekonomi Kreatif, 1(1), 18–23. https://doi.org/10.26877/jibeka.v1i1.3
Ramesh, V., & Jaunky, V. C. (2021). The tourist experience: Modelling the relationship between tourist satisfaction and destination loyalty. Materials Today: Proceedings, International Conference on Newer Trends and Innovation in Mechanical Engineering: Materials Science, 37, 2284–2289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.07.723
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Chee, S. Y., & Ari Ragavan, N. (2025). Tourists’ perceptions of the sustainability of destination, satisfaction, and revisit intention. Tourism Recreation Research, 50(1), 106–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/02508281.2023.2230762
Rather, R. A., Hollebeek, L. D., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2022). First-time versus repeat tourism customer engagement, experience, and value cocreation: An empirical investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 61(3), 549–564. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287521997572
Reitsamer, B. F., & Brunner-Sperdin, A. (2017). Tourist destination perception and well-being: What makes a destination attractive? Journal of Vacation Marketing, 23(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356766715615914
Rodrigue, J. P. (2016). The role of transport and communication infrastructure in realising development outcomes. In The palgrave handbook of international development (pp. 595–614). Springer.
Sades, S. (2024). Attracting tourists back: The effect of destination attributes on revisit intentions. Co-Value Jurnal Ekonomi Koperasi Dan Kewirausahaan, 15(4).
Şahin, A., & Kılıçlar, A. (2023). The effect of tourists’ gastronomic experience on emotional and cognitive evaluation: An application of SOR paradigm. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(2), 595–612. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTI-09-2021-0253
Sánchez-Sánchez, M. D., de Pablos-Heredero, C., & Montes-Botella, J. L. (2025). Contributions of sustainable tourist behavior in food events to the cultural identity of destinations. Tourism and Hospitality, 6(2), 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/tourhosp6020093
Saut, M., & Song, V. (2022). Influences of airport service quality, satisfaction, and image on behavioral intention towards destination visit. Urban, Planning and Transport Research, 10(1), 82–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/21650020.2022.2054857
Schiebler, T., Lee, N., & Brodbeck, F. C. (2025). Expectancy-disconfirmation and consumer satisfaction: A meta-analysis. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-024-01078-x
Shao, T., Yang, P., Jiang, H., & Shao, Q. (2023). An analysis of public service satisfaction of tourists at scenic spots: The case of Xiamen city. Sustainability, 15(3), 2752. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032752
Sinaga, A., Helmi, S., & Sembiring, B. (2024). Memorable tourism experiences in tourism: A literature review. Jurnal Akutansi Manajemen Ekonomi Kewirausahaan (JAMEK), 4, 148–157. https://doi.org/10.47065/jamek.v4i2.1333
Su, X., & Rahman, S. (2026). Tourist behavioral intentions in a UNESCO world cultural heritage site in China: A multi-method analysis integrating PLS-SEM and fsQCA of motivational and perceptual factors. Sage Open, 16(1), 21582440251410718. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251410718
Suban, S. A. (2025). Visitor’s emotional experience in predicting destination image, satisfaction and intention to revisit: A spa tourism perspective. International Hospitality Review, 39(2), 355–376. https://doi.org/10.1108/IHR-05-2023-0032
Sufa, S., Setiawati, D., Afiat, M. N., & Rijal, S. (2024). The influence of tourism infrastructure and online promotion of tourist visit intention. International Journal of Business, Law, and Education. https://doi.org/10.56442/ijble.v5i2.595
Sugiama, A. G., Suhartanto, D., LU, C. Y., Rediyasa, I. W., Sulaeman, R. P., & Renalda, F. M. (2024). Tourist satisfaction and revisit intention: The role of attraction, accessibility, and facilities of water park tourism. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 52(1), 257–266. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.52125-120
Suhartanto, D., Brien, A., Primiana, I., Wibisono, N., & Triyuni, N. N. (2020). Tourist loyalty in creative tourism: The role of experience quality, value, satisfaction, and motivation. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(7), 867–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2019.1568400
Surya, E. D., Felani, K. F., Felani, V. T., & Andriani, A. (2023). Analysis of tourist attractions, amenities and accessibility to tourist visit decisions mediated by digitalization promotion. International Journal of Economics and Management, 1(02), 64–75. https://doi.org/10.54209/iem.v1i02.8
Tang, H., Liu, X., Li, J., & Wang, H. (2025). Study on the conservation and renewal of traditional rural tourism spaces: A perspective based on tourists’ revisit intention. Journal of Cleaner Production, 499, 145184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2025.145184
Tedjakusuma, A. P., & Kulachai, W. (2026). Risk, satisfaction and revisit intention in coastal tourism: A structural equation modeling approach under S–O–R. Cogent Business & Management, 13(1), 2639644. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2026.2639644
Toshov, M. (2025). State programs in development and planning of regional infrastructure. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, 1(1).
Trisoko, R. G., Yanti, R., & Andita, R. P. (2024). The power of local culture in regional tourism capital development. Indonesian Tourism Journal, 1(3), 172–185. https://doi.org/10.69812/itj.v1i3.49
Viet, B. N., Dang, H. P., & Nguyen, H. H. (2020). Revisit intention and satisfaction: The role of destination image, perceived risk, and cultural contact. Cogent Business & Management, 7(1), 1796249. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1796249
Vo‐Thanh, T., Hoang, D. S., Nguyen, T. N. H., Luong, V. H., Zaman, M., & Sthapit, E. (2026). Projected versus organic: Mapping destination image congruence. International Journal of Tourism Research, 28(2), e70229. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.70229
Wang, J. H., Feng, H., & Wu, Y. (2020). Exploring key factors of medical tourism and its relation with tourism attraction and re-visit intention. Cogent Social Sciences, 6(1), 1746108. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1746108
Wang, Y., Miao, H., Wang, Y., Wu, R., Li, W., & Xiong, M. (2026). Stimulating tourists’ senses for sustainable destination development: Combining embodied cognition theory and the SOR model. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 32(2), 601–619. https://doi.org/10.1177/13567667241289611
Wu, H., Pongsakornrungsilp, P., Kumar, V., & Chinchanachokchai, S. (2024). Key determinants to enhance the competitiveness of tourist destinations. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(8), 5298. https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i8.5298
Xiong, W., Xu, Y., Okumus, B., & Cai, X. (2025). Tasting the world: An autoethnographic exploration of culinary communication as world-traveling. Consumer Behavior in Tourism and Hospitality. https://doi.org/10.1108/CBTH-08-2024-0288
Yacoub, L., ElHajjar, S., Zgheib, Y., & Maalouf, N. J. A. (2025). Understanding perceived value in tourism: Insights from destinations facing crises. Plos One, 20(9), e0331144. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0331144
Yaghi, A., Yaghi, H. A., & Bayrak, M. (2025). Sustainable tourism: Factors influencing Arab tourists’ intention to revisit turkish destinations. Sustainability, 17(11), 5194. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17115194
Yang, S., Jiang, Y., Wang, Z., Yan, B., & Wang, K. (2025). Exploring the influence of regional knowledge dynamics on the competitiveness of tourism in China’s Provinces. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 16(1), 1975–2015. doi.org/10.1007/s13132-025-03061-5
Yasa, I. K. J. S., Iqbal, M., & Pangestuti, E. (2026). Expectancy disconfirmation theory: A systematic literature review of satisfaction & behavioral intentions. Profit: Jurnal Adminsitrasi Bisnis, 20(1), 92–107. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.profit.2026.020.01.7
Yeboah, R., & Ashie, D. (2024). Promotion of local food as tourism product in the Cape Coast Metropolis: An explorative research. Heliyon, 10(24).
Yuliana, Y., Ningsih, A. M., Kristiana, V., Maharani, A. P., & Syahni, C. (2025). Sustainability of natural tourism attraction and satisfaction. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 11(3), 1185–1198.
Zeng, L., & Li, R. Y. M. (2021). Tourist satisfaction, willingness to revisit and recommend, and mountain Kangyang tourism spots sustainability: A structural equation modelling approach. Sustainability, 13(19), 10620. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910620
Zhu, Y., Zhu, L., & Weng, L. (2024). How do tourists’ value perceptions of food experiences influence their perceived destination image and revisit intention? A moderated mediation model. Foods, 13(3), 412. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13030412
Zulfiqar, U., Aman-Ullah, A., Mehmood, W., & Singh, H. (2024). Destination image and revisit intentions: A mediation-moderation study through tourist satisfaction and place attachment. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://doi.org/10.1108/GKMC-01-2024-0023
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Saputra, Novita Sari, Fazlida Mohd Razali, Lis Linda Wati, Sumaria Liswita, Herlina Hikmani

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:Â
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).




