Model-Model Manajemen Pendidikan dalam Pengoperasian Sekolah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/jimp.v4i1.10213Keywords:
Model Manajemen, Kepala Sekolah, Model Kepemimpinan, Manajemen PendidikanAbstract
Sekolah sebagai sebuah organisasi pendidikan dasar dan menengah tidak akan mampu beroperasi secara optimal apabila kepala sekolah tidak memahami dan mampu mengimplementasikan model-model manajemen pendidikan dengan tepat. Meskipun begitu penting hal tersebut, studi tentang model manajemen pendidikan masih terbatas dilakukan dalam konteks pengoperasian sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi dan menjelaskan model manajemen pendidikan dan kepemimpinan yang dibutuhkan kepala sekolah dalam mengoperasikan sekolah. Secara khusus, sebuah pendekatan tinjauan literatur naratif digunakan agar dapat menemukan berbagai referensi yang relevan dengan topik pembahasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam model manajemen pendidikan yang dapat diimplementasikan kepala sekolah, yakni: model manajemen formal, model manajemen kolegial, model manajemen politis, model manajemen subjektif, model manajemen ambigu, dan model manajemen kultural. Keenam model manajemen tersebut memiliki karakteristik, kelebihan, dan kelemahan masing-masing di mana perlu dipertimbangkan dengan bijaksana apabila kepala sekolah hendak mengimplementasikannya dengan berhasil. Selain itu, setiap model manajemen pendidikan tersebut berkaitan dengan model-model kepemimpinan tertentu. Hal tersebut dikarenakan aktivitas manajemen dan praktik kepemimpinan tidak dapat dipisahkan. Dengan demikian, kepala sekolah perlu menyesuaikan model manajemen dengan model kepemimpinan yang diterapkan ketika mengoperasikan sekolah.
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