Label Kebahasaan sebagai Praktik Victim Blaming dalam Komentar Media Sosial di TikTok
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/mms.v7i2.16943Keywords:
Analisis Wacana Kritis, Media Sosial, Norman Fairclough, Pelecehan Seksual, Victim BlamingAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk penggunaan bahasa yang merepresentasikan victim blaming dalam komentar media sosial terhadap korban pelecehan seksual. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough. Data penelitian berupa komentar warganet pada unggahan media sosial TikTok mengenai dua kasus pelecehan seksual, yaitu kasus pelecehan terhadap jamaah perempuan di Tanah Suci dan kasus pelecehan verbal oleh petugas KRL terhadap penumpang perempuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik victim blaming direpresentasikan melalui beberapa strategi kebahasaan, yaitu (1) pelabelan negatif terhadap korban, seperti “wanita lemah”, “sok cantik”, “halu”, dan “baper”; (2) penggunaan modalitas deontik yang menempatkan korban sebagai pihak yang seharusnya bertindak sesuai norma tertentu; (3) penggunaan modalitas epistemik yang memperlihatkan keyakinan penutur dalam mendefinisikan penyebab maupun batasan pelecehan seksual; (4) penggunaan presuposisi yang menganggap korban turut berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya pelecehan; serta (5) representasi yang mengalihkan tanggung jawab dari pelaku kepada korban melalui wacana risiko, ujian, balasan, maupun kewajiban moral. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa bahasa dalam media sosial tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai alat komunikasi, tetapi juga sebagai praktik sosial yang membentuk cara masyarakat memandang korban dan pelaku dalam kasus pelecehan seksual.
References
Agdelia, S. P., & Kartika, A. (2025). Gendered oppression and textual power: A critical discourse analysis of online gender-based violence in the RK case on IDNTimes.com. Digital Theory, Culture & Society, 3(2), 70–75. https://doi.org/10.61126/dtcs.v3i2.117
Akmal, R., Putra, A. W., & Indriyany, I. A. (2026). Dinamika Pelecehan Seksual Verbal di Media Sosial: Analisis Standar Ganda pada Kekerasan Gender Berbasis Online. Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 5(5). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56799/jim.v5i5.16205
Alfi, I., & Halwati, U. (2019). Faktor-faktor Blaming the Victim (Menyalahkan Korban) di Wilayah Praktik Kerja Sosial. Islamic Management and Empowerment Journal, 1(2), 217–228. https://doi.org/10.18326/imej.v1i2.217-228
Alwi, H. (1992). Modalitas dalam Bahasa Indonesia (First). Kanisius Yogyakarta.
Ayuningrum, N. G. (2021). Analisis Wacana Kritis Komentar Seksual dalam Media Sosial Twitter Laki-Laki Berekspresi Gender Feminin. Jurnal Wanita Dan Keluarga, 2(2), 121–130. https://doi.org/10.22146/jwk.3620
Azizah, S. N., Alia, M. N., & Mujayapura, M. R. R. (2025). Fenomena Victim Blaming dalam Kasus Pelecehan: Kebiasaan Buruk yang Terus Dinormalisasi. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 12(6), 2361–2368. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31604/jips.v12i6.2025.2361-2368
Azzen, S. K. (2025). Objectification of female cosplayers in Indonesian digital communities: A case study of Ai Kirishima. An-Nisa Jurnal Kajian Perempuan Dan Keislaman, 18(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.35719/annisa.v18i1.310
Fairclough, N. (1996). Language and Power. Longman Inc.
Firmanda, H., Azlina, I. I. S., & Septipah, I. (2023). Perlindungan Korban Kekerasan Seksual yang Mengalami Victim Blaming di Media Sosial Berdasarkan Aliran Realisme Hukum. Reformasi Hukum, 27(1), 32–41. https://doi.org/10.46257/jrh.v27i1.489
Hazimah, A., Reviel, D., Aprilia, L., Dea, I. M., & Lubis, M. (2024). Analisis Wacana pada Media Sosial: Studi Kasus Penggunaan Bahasa pada Media Sosial X (Twitter). 1(4). https://jicnusantara.com/index.php/jiic
Isnaini, I., Nasyiriyah, T. N., Istighfari Aulia, N., & Rohmah, S. (2025). The Role of Digital Literacy in social media. MIMESIS, 6(1), 58–74. https://doi.org/10.12928/mms.v6i1.12242
Kusuma, A., Al Barqi, M. F., Faisal, A., & Ulum, B. (2024). Analisis Wacana Kritis dalam Media Sosial Instagram tentang “Wanita Karir” Model Analisis Norman Fairclough. Jurnal Dakwah Dan Komunikasi, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.47453/Adhi
Mahsun. (2017). Metode Penelitian Bahasa (9th ed.). Rajawali Pers. www.rajagrafindo.co.id
Musdolifah, A., Azzahra, F., Hasanah, M. M., Budiono, N. H., Yusuf, S., & Darmawan, I. (2025). Analisis Wacana Kritis terhadap Komentar Negatif Terkait Childfree di Media Sosial dengan Perspektif Sara Mills. JURNAL BASTRA, 10(2), 2025. https://doi.org/10.36709/bastra
Muttaqin, M. Z., & Sriyono, S. (2021). Konstruksi Opini Publik melalui Media Sosial: Studi Pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis Grup Facebook Lintas Kejadian Kota Jayapura pada Bulan Juni 2021. POLITICOS: Jurnal Politik Dan Pemerintahan, 1(2), 113–129. https://doi.org/10.22225/politicos.1.2.2021.113-129
Nirmalasari, A., & Sarwono, B. (2021). Symbolic Violence Manifestation Behind Victim Blaming Practices. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 26–33. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210531.004
Nurhaliza, U., S., & Astuti, K. (2025). The Impact of Victim Blaming on social media and Handling Efforts for Victims of Sexual Violence Citation. 05(04), 1623–1634. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54518/rh.5.4.2025.758
Nuswantara, N. G. (2019). Visualisasi Tagar dalam Media Sosial Instagram (Analisis Wacana Kritis Model Norman Fairclough). Jurnal Dekave, 12(2), 21–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24821/dkv.v12i2.3521
Petter, S., & Giddens, L. (2023). Is it Your Fault? Framing Social Media Inclusion and Exclusion Using Just World Theory. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 24(5), 1248–1270. https://doi.org/10.17705/1jais.00813
Saputra, R., & Gusnita, C. (2021). Victim Blaming Korban Pelecehan Seksual secara Verbal di Media Sosial Instagram. Jurnal Anomie, 3(2), 99–111. https://jom.fisip.budiluhur.ac.id/anomie/article/view/503
Sari, N. A., & Yusriansya, E. (2020). Analisis Wacana Kritis Terhadap Konten Media Sosial “Bekal Buat Suami” dalam Perspektif Gender. Seminar Nasional Linguistik Dadn Sastra, 68–80. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/prosidingsemantiks
Suvarna, A., Bhalla, G., Kumar, S., & Bhardwaj, A. (2020). Identifying Victim Blaming Language in Discussions about Sexual Assaults on Twitter. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 156–163. https://doi.org/10.1145/3400806.3400825
Wright, E., Eriksson, L., & Bond, C. E. W. (2026). Victim Blaming, Gender, and Social Media Commentary: A Randomized Vignette Study of Audience Comments on News Reports of Intimate Partner Homicide. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 41(9–10), 1836–1863. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605251322816
Xanderina, M., Putri, M. R. K., & Parhusip, J. (2024). Peran Etika Dalam Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan Teknologi Informasi Pada Media Sosial. Informatech: Jurnal Ilmiah Informatika Dan Komputer, 1(2), 211–217. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.69533/4hchfz57
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Felix Brian Hari Ekaristanto, Fitri Alfarisy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
License and Copyright Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities tacitly or explicitly of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
Copyright
Authors who publish with Mimesis agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
