Diagnosis Komunitas Dalam Penilaian Status Kesehatan Masyarakat Menggunakan Metode USG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12928/jkpl.v7i1.15803Keywords:
Physical activity , Health education , Knowledge , Non communicable diseaseAbstract
Diagnosis komunitas merupakan pendekatan penting dalam kesehatan masyarakat untuk mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, dan menentukan prioritas masalah kesehatan berdasarkan kondisi nyata di masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi kesehatan masyarakat di RT 22 Dusun Wonocatur, Kapanewon Banguntapan, Kabupaten Bantul, menentukan prioritas masalah kesehatan menggunakan metode USG (urgency, seriousness, growth), serta merumuskan intervensi kesehatan berbasis komunitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kuantitatif dengan teknik total sampling terhadap 55 kepala keluarga. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara door to door menggunakan instrumen Community Diagnosis. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan dilanjutkan dengan penentuan prioritas masalah melalui musyawarah masyarakat desa.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akses masyarakat terhadap fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan tergolong baik dari segi transportasi, waktu tempuh, dan keterjangkauan biaya. Namun demikian, hipertensi masih menjadi masalah kesehatan utama di masyarakat. Berdasarkan metode USG, hipertensi menempati prioritas pertama dengan skor tertinggi, diikuti oleh diabetes mellitus dan perilaku merokok. Faktor usia dan rendahnya aktivitas fisik menjadi determinan utama yang berkontribusi terhadap tingginya risiko hipertensi. Intervensi melalui Program SEHATI (Senam Bersama dan Edukasi Atasi Hipertensi) terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat secara signifikan.
Kesimpulannya, diagnosis komunitas efektif digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi masalah kesehatan prioritas dan merancang intervensi promotif dan preventif berbasis partisipasi masyarakat. Pendekatan ini diharapkan dapat mendukung upaya pengendalian hipertensi dan peningkatan derajat kesehatan masyarakat
secara berkelanjutan.
Keywords: Aktivitas fisik; diagnosis komunitas; edukasi kesehatan; hipertensi; penyakit tidak menular
References
. Azami-Aghdash S, Joudyian N, Jafari S, Karami S, Rezapour R. Assessing community-based interventions effectiveness on hypertension prevention and control: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2025;25:3253. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-24283-x
. Mills KT, Stefanescu A, He J. The global epidemiology of hypertension. Nat Rev Nephrol [Internet]. 2020;16(4):223–37. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41581-019-0244-2
. Zhou B, Carrillo-Larco RM, Danaei G, Riley LM, Paciorek CJ, Stevens GA, et al. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control. The Lancet [Internet]. 2021;398(10304):957–80. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01330-1
. Mengesha EW, Tesfaye TD, Boltena MT, Birhanu Z, Sudhakar M, Hassen K, et al. Effectiveness of community-based interventions for prevention and control of hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review. PLOS Global Public Health [Internet]. 2024;4(7):e0003459. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0003459
. Pescatello LS, Buchner DM, Jakicic JM, Powell KE, Kraus WE, Bloodgood B, et al. Physical activity to prevent and treat hypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc [Internet]. 2019;51(6):1314–23. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001943
. General community diagnosis di beberapa wilayah desa Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Jurnal New UNIMUS [Internet]. 2021; Available from: https://jurnalnew.unimus.ac.id/index.php/jipmi/article/view/52
. Wulan JA, Laitupa AA, Prahasanti K. Risk Factors for Diabetes Mellitus Patients Against Covid-19. Qanun Medika - Medical Journal Faculty of Medicine Muhammadiyah Surabaya. 2021 Jul 24;5(2).
. Sujarwoto S, Maharani A. Participation in community-based health care interventions (CBHIs) and its association with hypertension awareness, control and treatment in Indonesia. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(12):e0244333. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244333
. Herlin Indriani M, Nur Djannah S, Ruliyandari R, Kesehatan Masyarakat F, Ahmad Dahlan U, ProfDrSoepomo J. Pengaruh Aktivitas Fisik terhadap Kejadian Hipertensi [Internet]. Vol. 18, The Indonesian Journal of Public Health). 2022. Available from: https://jurnal.unimus.ac.id/index.php/jkmi,jkmi@unimus.ac.id
. Sigit Pramono Y, Batara D, Julianto dan, Keperawatan dan Ilmu Kesehatan F, Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin Puskesmas Tumbang Kamam U, Tengah Jl Parman Kompleks RS Islam KS, et al. Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tumbang Kaman. Jurnal Keperawatan Dirgahayu. 2025;7(1).
. Dewati C, Natavany A, Putri Z, Nurfaizi A, Rumbrawer S, Sri Rejeki D. Literature review: Faktor risiko hipertensi di Indonesia. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat [Internet]. 2023;11(3):324–31. Available from: https://doi.org/10.14710/jkm.v11i3.34514
. Sawicka K, Szczyrek M, Jastrzębska I, Prasał M, Zwolak A, Daniluk J. Hypertension-The Silent Killer [Internet]. Vol. 5, Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research. 2011. Available from: www.jpccr.eu
. Hayuningtuti FNE, Mandagi AM, Alfayad A. SHOPI (Sosialisasi Pencegahan Hipertensi): Building community resilience against hypertension in Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. 2024;10(3).
. Famil M. Analysis of HIV/AIDS Health Problems in Pacitan District East Java 2020. Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease [Internet]. 2022;9(3). Available from: https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJTID/
. Abizar AM, Fahrizqi EB. Hubungan Koordinasi Mata Tangan Kecepatan Reaksi Kekuatan Otot Tangan Dan Lengan Terhadap Kemampuan Pukulan Straight Pada Atlet Boxing. J Phys Educ. 2022 Dec 31;3(2):41–8.
. Oktavilantika DM, Suzana D, Damhuri TA. Literature Review: Promosi Kesehatan dan Model Teori Perubahan Perilaku Kesehatan. 2023.
. Houston M. The role of nutrition and nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of hypertension. Integr Blood Press Control. 2019;
. Tsi D, Tan B. Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Apium graveolens in cardiovascular diseases. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;
. Dalimartha S, Andriani R, Pratiwi E. Efektivitas rebusan daun seledri terhadap penurunan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Jurnal Berkala Epidemiologi. 2021;9(1).
. Prasodjo RA, Farapti F. Literature Review: Strategi Penurunan Asupan Natrium Melalui Pengurangan Garam untuk Mencegah Hipertensi. Media Gizi Kesmas. 2024 Jun 30;13(1):521–9.
. Santos HO, Genario R, Macedo RCO. Herbal medicines in the management of hypertension: A systematic review. Pharmacol Res. 2021;
. Rizqiya M, Nur D, Ningrum A. Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition Trend Kejadian Hipertensi dan Pola Distribusi Kejadian Hipertensi dengan Penyakit Penyerta secara Epidemiologi di Indonesia. IJPHN [Internet]. 2023;3(3):367–75. Available from: http://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/IJPHN
. Rahmawati D, Supriyadi S, Widiastuti R. Observational study on the impact of heat stress on farmers in Yogyakarta. Jurnal Pertanian Tropis. 2023;9(2):67–75.
. Kazi RNA. Silent Effects of High Salt: Risks Beyond Hypertension and Body’s Adaptation to High Salt. Vol. 13, Biomedicines. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI); 2025.
. Moghadam MH, Imenshahidi M, Mohajeri SA, model A effect of celery seed extract in animal. Antihypertensive effect of celery seed extract in animal model. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Haqmadi Widya Ihsanto, Tyas Aisyah Putri., S.Tr.Keb,. MKM., Nurhalisha Sulistiyoningrum, Nurul Hikmah Septia, Nur Cholifah, Nuni Vega Prihatiningsi

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with International Journal of Environmental Health agree to the following terms: Authors retain the copyright and grant Universitas Ahmad Dahlan right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share (copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format) and adapt (remix, transform, and build upon the material) the work for any purpose, even commercially with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in Universitas Ahmad Dahlan. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).

