Epidemiology and Society Health Review (ESHR)

The Importance of Awareness and Prevention of Suicide Trends in Youth

Sat, 17 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Suicide is an incident that is a severe problem in society which is currently widespread. Suicide is the act of ending one's own life by using several techniques, such as hanging, making an incision in a blood vessel, or crashing into a moving vehicle such as a train or motorbike. Based on data from the World Health Organization (WHO), as many as 703,000 people committed suicide, with variations in suicide rates in various countries between 2 and 80 suicide deaths per 100,000 population. Men have a suicide rate that is up to 2.3 times higher than women. The majority of deaths due to suicide are more significant in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), up to more than 70%

Community Diagnosis in Banguntapan Village Bantul Regency, Yogyakarta

Thu, 15 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Community diagnosis is an activity to identify problems by collecting data in the community that can locate broad issues and cover various aspects of society. The emergence of health problems is not only caused by individual negligence but can also be caused by community ignorance due to a lack of correct information about a disease. The purpose of this study is to obtain an overview of the health problems in Tegaltandan hamlet, Banguntapan sub-district to determine problem priorities and obtain appropriate alternative solutions to overcome the priority problems that have been resolved.

Method: This study used descriptive quantitative analysis by conducting interviews using a community diagnosis questionnaire. The analysis was used to prioritize health problems using the USG method and village community meetings. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with 132 samples obtained.

Results: Ten major health problems in the research area that need attention are no organic trash collection center covered in homes, using spray-repellent, not used to wearing a helmet during riding, not sprinkling larvacide powder on the washed water dump as dengue prevention, not applying repellents as dengue prevention not using gloves while chopping ingredients with a knife for cooking, no props when moving heavy objects, not taking care of fish larvae eaters, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. After prioritizing using USG and village community meetings, they all agreed to decide diabetes mellitus as the main health problem in this area.

Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus was considered a major problem at the study site that requires further intervention.

Variables Influencing Nurses' Adherence to Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Utilization at PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital Bantul

Atni Setiyo Ningsih, Dyah Suryani, Widodo Hariyono — Sat, 17 Feb 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: A hospital is a health service facility that provides outpatient and inpatient patient services. Hospitals can also be a source of infection for officers, patients, and other visitors. To prevent nosocomial infections in officers, hospitals must protect all health workers, for example, by wearing gloves, masks, gowns, face shields, shoes, and aprons. Compliance with PPE on health workers is supported by a positive attitude from officers and supervision carried out by management. This study aims to determine factors related to compliance with use among nurses.

Method: This was quantitative research using correlation with the cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was 130 permanent nurses. The sample was calculated using the Slovin formula, resulting in 100 samples. The respondent was selected via proportional random sampling among the care units. Chi–Square was used to analyze the data.

Results: There was a relationship between PPE compliance and age (p=0.005), attitude (p=0.000), and supervision (p=0.016). Meanwhile, factors that were not related to PPE compliance were gender (p=1.000), education (p=0.054), knowledge (p=0.170), facilities (p=0.505), and training (p=0.811).

Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between age, attitude supervision, and compliance with PPE in nurses when performing their duties.

Environmental Risk Factors of Leptospirosis: Systematic Review

Muchsin Maulana, Devi Stefani, Ratu Matahari, Wan Karmida Wulandari — Mon, 29 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacteria Leptospira sp. The incidence of Leptospirosis ranges from 0.1 to 10 per 100,000 per year globally. GIS is a tool to visualize data that considers effectiveness and efficiency when determining the priority areas of particular disease control.

Method: This systematic review was based on some databases, Google Scholar, PubMed, and the BASE, for articles published from 2010 to 2020. PRISMA guideline was used during data screening.

Results: Eight articles were reviewed that showed a pattern of distribution of cases of Leptospirosis: clustered, evenly, and randomly. We also found 15 environmental factors that influence Leptospirosis distribution: the existence of the river, precipitation, sunshine, a history of the flood, the existence of the gutter, the condition of the garbage disposal, the existence of rice fields, the presence of vegetation, trap success, the existence of the road, the ownership of the pet, the presence of rats, altitudes, and land-use.

Conclusion: 15 identified environmental risk factors influence the incidence of Leptospirosis, namely the existence of rivers, history of flooding, the existence of gutters, waste disposal conditions, rainfall, the existence of rice fields, population density, the existence of vegetation, the success of traps, the existence of ponds, the existence of roads, livestock ownership, presence of rats, altitude, and land use.

Factors Influencing Adherence to the Utilization of Personal Protective Equipment among Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review

Atni Setiyo Ningsih, Dyah Suryani — Wed, 31 Jan 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Background: Hospitals as providers of health services for the community must be able to maintain the quality of services provided, one of which is by providing safety and comfort guarantees to officers from infectious diseases and other hazardous substances with policies regarding the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and conducting evaluations from the behavior of officers when using PPE. Many factors affect the compliance of officers in the use of PPE. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the compliance of officers, especially nurses in using PPE.

Method: This study uses a literature review method. Articles were collected from the online database from Pubmed from 2012 – 2023. Using the keywords “health worker compliance”, “nurse” and “personal protection equipment”. After entering the keywords, 238 articles were obtained and filtered again based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and 16 articles were obtained for review.

Results: Internal factors that affect compliance of officers in the use of PPE include age, years of service, knowledge, attitudes, motivation while external factors that affect compliance are facilities, training and supervision carried out by management

Conclusion: To increase officer compliance, it is necessary to have supervision and support from management in the form of facilities, ease of access and training