Jurnal Cakrawala Promkes

Monitoring truck driver working and rest hours using safety applications

2025-04-23T10:25:02+00:00

Traffic accidents remain a major risk in commercial truck transportation, both in Indonesia and globally. A key contributing factor is driver fatigue, often resulting from excessive workloads and prolonged working hours. This study employs a descriptive case series design to evaluate the implementation of working and rest hour regulations for commercial truck drivers. Secondary data were analyzed from the third quarter of 2024 (July–September), covering three operational regions in West Java, Central Java, and East Java & Bali-Nusa Tenggara. Data were obtained from two driver safety monitoring applications used by a commercial transport operator. Initial analysis involved calculating compliance percentages across all locations in the three regions, followed by a more detailed review of three selected sites per region. Findings reveal that one region exhibited the lowest compliance with regulated working hours and demonstrated inconsistent enforcement of the required 8-hour rest period following 12 hours of work. These results highlight the need for strengthened monitoring and enforcement mechanisms to improve driver safety and reduce accident risks in the commercial transportation sector.

Work-related risk factors for asthenopia among employees: a 2024 study

2025-06-16T04:51:33+00:00

Asthenopia, or eye strain, is a common occupational health issue that can negatively impact employee productivity. This study aimed to analyze occupational factors associated with asthenopia among office-based employees in 2024. A cross-sectional analytical design was employed, involving 61 respondents. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to assess variables such as age, sex, years of employment, eye rest habits, and duration of computer or laptop use. The distance between the eyes and the computer/laptop was measured with a measuring tape, and lighting intensity at workstations was assessed using a luxmeter. Statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test. The results showed that 70.5% of respondents experienced asthenopia. Significant associations were found between asthenopia and age (p = 0.011), eye rest (p = 0.007), duration of computer/laptop use (p = 0.018), screen distance (p = 0.031), and lighting intensity (p = 0.006). No significant association was found between asthenopia and sex or years of employment. Based on these findings, routine eye examinations and the implementation of eye rest techniques are recommended, particularly for employees over the age of 40. Employers are also encouraged to implement promotive measures, including the provision of visual aids, ergonomic workstations, standing desk options, and improved lighting using LED daylight lamps.

Beyond addiction: a phenomenological study of former smokers' experiences in cessation

2025-06-28T04:59:29+00:00

Although daily smoking appears to be declining, quitting remains difficult, and relapses are common. Cessation support often emphasizes strengthening quit intentions and motivation while replacing smoking with meaningful daily activities (e.g., work or prayer). This qualitative phenomenological study explored the experiences of former smokers, interviewing four primary informants (ex-smokers) and four supporting informants involved in their quit attempts. Social influences and work demand shaped cessation efforts. Graphic depictions of smoking-related illnesses and messages about harm to children were salient motivators. A community “healthy, smoke-free home” initiative existed at the study site, designated as a pilot area, but was largely unknown and implemented without involvement from health personnel. All informants reported at least one relapse. These findings suggest that promoting smoke-free homes as a community-empowerment strategy, coupled with visible risk communication and stronger engagement of health workers, may increase awareness and better support sustained cessation.

Parenting Dynamics in wrking families and their influence on adolescent behavior in Surabaya

2025-07-12T03:33:31+00:00

This study will investigate the dynamics of parenting in working families and its implications for adolescent behavior in Surabaya. In families where both parents are employed, parenting faces various challenges that affect emotional closeness and character development among adolescents. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews and non-participant observation of adolescents aged 16–19 years. The findings reveal that limited time with parents leads to minimal emotional communication, causing teenagers to internalize personal issues or prefer to share them with peers. On the other hand, this condition also fosters independence, responsibility, and strong social awareness. These findings are analyzed using George Herbert Mead’s role theory, indicating that adolescents indirectly take on parental roles at home. The identity formation process occurs earlier, though at the expense of emotional warmth and interaction within the family.

Health-seeking behavior in dengue hemorrhagic fever in Primary Health Care

2025-08-08T12:42:50+00:00

Dengue hemorrhagic fever poses a significant public health challenge in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2022, Bantul Regency recorded 957 cases of dengue fever. This study aims to describe the practices and factors that influence health-seeking behavior among people at the Kasihan I Community Health Center in Bantul Regency. Method: This study employs a descriptive quantitative approach. The data were analyzed both descriptively and quantitatively, and the results are presented in percentage form. Results: 52.6% of respondents visited a doctor when symptoms appeared. Sixty-nine point three percent of respondents believed the fever symptoms they were experiencing were due to the common cold. 94% of respondents visited a doctor when they had dengue fever. 37.8% of respondents visited a health facility on the day they first experienced symptoms. 60.4% of respondents visited the health center most often. 61.7% of respondents had a blood test on the third day after the fever appeared. 71.1% of respondents had sufficient knowledge about dengue fever. 77.9% of respondents had a fair attitude towards dengue fever. 93% of respondents rated the availability of health services as available. 90.1% of respondents considered the cost and distance of health services to be affordable. 92.4% of respondents rated access to health services as easy. Conclusion: Most respondents consulted a doctor for dengue fever symptoms, often mistaking them for a cold. They primarily visited primary healthcare facilities, with blood tests usually done on the third day of fever. Overall, respondents had adequate knowledge and positive attitudes about dengue, along with good access to affordable healthcare services.

Sexual transactions as a means of acquiring drugs among inmates in Papua, Indonesia

2025-07-31T01:48:20+00:00

Transactional sex has been recognized as a significant element hindering the reduction of drug usage in Papua, Indonesia. The national objective for drug usage reduction was established at 1.67% for 2024; nevertheless, this target remains unfulfilled. This research investigated the correlation between transactional sex and substance abuse among female and adolescent prisoners in Papua Province. A case-control approach was utilized, employing primary data gathered from May to September 2023 at the Special Correctional Institution for Juveniles (LPKA) and the Women’s Correctional Institution (LPP) in Papua. The research population consisted of 85 offenders incarcerated from 2021 to 2023. A total of 26 cases (drug users) and 59 controls (non-users) were included using total sampling, in a 1:2 ratio. Data were gathered using a modified version of the Rapid Survey Questionnaire on Injecting Drug User Behavior (SCP Penasun). Analysis was conducted using STATA version 14, employing multivariate logistic regression to identify related factors. In all, 30.6% of participants were identified as drug users according to case-control selection, rather than as an estimation of population-level prevalence. Inmates who indicated participation in transactional sex exhibited increased odds of drug acquisition (adjusted OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 0.46–5.39) after controlling for work status, past-year drug usage, and duration of use. The findings suggest a possible trend of heightened drug acquisition among inmates engaged in transactional sex, although the correlation remains ambiguous. Consequently, integrated therapies targeting both substance use and sexual risk behaviors are crucial in custodial environments.

AI-powered whatsapp chatbots for maternal and child health: a quasi-experimental study among pregnant women in Indonesia

2025-08-20T09:40:52+00:00

Maternal and child health remains a critical priority in global health strategies, particularly in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In Indonesia, maternal mortality remains significantly higher than the SDG target, underscoring the urgent need for accessible and high-quality maternal health information. Digital innovations, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based chatbots, have emerged as promising tools to help bridge this gap. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a Meta-AI chatbot delivered via WhatsApp in improving pregnant women’s access to maternal and child health information. A quasi-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design was employed, involving 30 pregnant women in Singasari Village, Tasikmalaya Regency. Participants received a one-time training session on accessing health information—particularly related to pregnancy care—through the Meta-AI WhatsApp chatbot, supported by a guidance booklet. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire that assessed participants’ knowledge and skills before and after the intervention. Paired sample t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-intervention scores. The results demonstrated significant improvements in both knowledge and skills. Knowledge scores increased from 5.00 (SD = 2.00) to 9.40 (SD = 0.85), t(29) = 29.0, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 1.88, 95% CI [1.27, 2.47]. Similarly, skills scores rose from 26.5 (SD = 5.40) to 36.7 (SD = 3.02), t(29) = 29.0, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 2.31, 95% CI [1.61, 2.99]. These findings indicate that the Meta AI chatbot, accessed via WhatsApp, significantly enhanced pregnant women’s knowledge and skills, thereby improving access to accurate maternal health information, strengthening health literacy, and supporting informed decision-making. Future research should explore the long-term effects of this intervention and its potential integration into public health systems.

The effectiveness of media-based family education on healthy lifestyle behaviors among adolescents in Gunungkidul as a Strategy for preventing stunting

2025-07-22T06:49:57+00:00

Stunting remains a major public health issue in Indonesia, particularly in regions such as Gunungkidul, where prevalence exceeds the national average. Most interventions focus on the first 1,000 days of life, with limited involvement of adolescents, despite their potential role as future parents and family health advocates. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of media-based family education in improving adolescents’ healthy lifestyle behaviors as part of a strategy to prevent stunting. A quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach was conducted involving 35 adolescents aged 12–15 years and their parents in Gunungkidul. The intervention consisted of adolescent training, parental education, and family habit monitoring over four weeks, utilizing educational videos, posters, and interactive sessions. Data were collected through observations and structured family diaries, then analyzed with the Mann–Whitney test and effect size calculation. Results showed a significant increase in adolescents’ healthy lifestyle behaviors, including balanced nutrition (13.2 ± 2.5 vs. 17.1 ± 1.8, p < 0.001; d = 1.79) and handwashing with soap (12.5 ± 2.2 vs. 16.3 ± 1.7, p = 0.001; d = 1.93). Family diaries also indicated improvements in parents’ meal planning and adolescents’ consistent implementation of clean and healthy living practices. These findings suggest that media-based family education effectively strengthens adolescent–parent collaboration, improves health communication, and fosters sustainable household behaviors relevant to stunting prevention. The integration of adolescent-focused modules into school and community health programs is recommended to support national efforts aimed at reducing stunting.

Determinants of menstrual pain severity among female medical students: a cross-sectional study

2025-08-21T08:34:02+00:00

Dysmenorrhea, or menstrual pain, is one of the most common gynecological complaints among women of reproductive age, particularly among female students. Its impact extends beyond physical discomfort, affecting academic performance, psychological well-being, and overall quality of life. Despite its high prevalence, few studies have examined the determinants of menstrual pain severity among female medical students in Indonesia. This study aimed to identify the determinants of menstrual pain severity among female medical students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Negeri Surabaya. A cross-sectional, descriptive quantitative study was conducted in November 2024, involving 112 participants selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire and analyzed with Spearman’s rho correlation and ordinal regression to assess associations between menstrual pain severity and independent variables, including body mass index (BMI), age at menarche, menstrual cycle characteristics, and exercise habits. Bivariate analysis indicated significant associations between menstrual pain severity and BMI (p = 0.004), age at menarche (p = 0.032), and exercise frequency (p = 0.038). However, in the adjusted multivariate regression model, only menstrual cycle length greater than 35 days remained significantly associated with increased pain severity (B = 1.143; p = 0.017). Other hypothesized predictors, including BMI, age at menarche, and exercise, did not retain independent effects after adjustment. In conclusion, irregular menstrual cycles—particularly very long cycles—were identified as the only independent determinant of increased menstrual pain severity among female students. These findings underscore the importance of considering menstrual cycle patterns when exploring risk factors for dysmenorrhea, while suggesting that commonly presumed predictors may not directly influence pain severity in this population.