Jurnal Cakrawala Promkes

Sanitation challenges and menstrual hygiene management among female adolescents in an Islamic Boarding School: A qualitative case study

2026-04-09T05:01:59+00:00

Poor menstrual hygiene practices can increase the risk of reproductive tract infections among female adolescents. Adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities are essential to safe menstrual hygiene management (MHM), particularly in Islamic boarding schools, where students live communally, follow structured daily routines, and share sanitation facilities. This study explored how sanitation facilities influence menstrual hygiene management practices among female adolescents living in an Islamic boarding school in Jayapura, Indonesia. A qualitative case study was conducted between October and December 2024. Participants included seven female students as key informants and one teacher as a supporting informant. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and direct observations and analyzed using thematic analysis. Although access to clean water was generally adequate, the number of toilets was insufficient for the student population, resulting in long waiting times and limited privacy. The distance between dormitories and sanitation facilities also discouraged students from changing menstrual pads as frequently as recommended, with many reporting changing pads only two to three times per day. These environmental constraints negatively influenced menstrual hygiene practices, and many increase the risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes. The findings demonstrate that inadequate sanitation infrastructure is an important barrier to effective MHM in Islamic boarding schools. Strengthening WASH facilities, particularly by improving the availability, accessibility, and privacy of sanitation facilities, should be prioritized to support healthy menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls.

Screen time and behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problems among elementary school children in the context of the “brain rot” phenomenon

2026-07-16T04:28:03+00:00

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed the daily activities of elementary school children. Excessive screen time may be associated with reduced attention and cognitive engagement, with potential implications for behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional well-being. This study examined the association between screen time and indicators of behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problems among elementary school children. An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted at a public elementary school in Surabaya, Indonesia, involving 147 children selected using stratified one-stage cluster sampling. Screen time was assessed with a questionnaire, and behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problems were measured with the Pediatric Symptom Checklist-17 (PSC-17). Associations were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Of the participants, 120 (81.6%) owned a personal mobile phone. One hundred children (68.0%) reported screen time of less than two hours per day, while 47 (32.0%) reported two hours or more per day. Higher screen time was significantly associated with internalizing, attention, and externalizing problems, as well as overall PSC-17 problem indicators (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that greater screen time is associated with a higher prevalence of behavioral, psychosocial, and emotional problem indicators among elementary school children. Parental supervision and age-appropriate limits on digital device use may help support children’s mental health and healthy development.

Mapping artificial intelligence applications relevant to lifestyle medicine promotion: a focused bibliometric analysis and` future research agenda (2020-2026)

2026-07-01T03:08:00+00:00

Non-communicable diseases are a growing global health challenge, underscoring the need for effective and personalized approaches to lifestyle modification. This study mapped the development of research on artificial intelligence (AI) applications relevant to promoting lifestyle medicine from 2020 to 2026, including collaboration patterns, major themes, and emerging research directions. A two-phase design was used. First, records from Scopus and Web of Science were examined through bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny. Second, a systematic qualitative synthesis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The search identified 309 records, of which 15 studies met the eligibility criteria. The findings indicate an emerging body of research focusing on AI, machine learning, personalized nutrition, recommender systems, and wearable technologies. The thematic focus has shifted towards more personalized and data-driven approaches, although some of the included studies were only indirectly related to the promotion of lifestyle medicine. Important gaps include the limited number of longitudinal studies and unresolved concerns regarding data governance, equitable access, and the applicability of AI-supported interventions across diverse populations. These findings provide a focused research agenda for technology developers, researchers, and public health professionals working on AI-supported prevention and lifestyle interventions.

Household intention to eliminate mosquito breeding sites following a single-session Geplakkin intervention

2026-08-08T06:15:03+00:00

Dengue remains an important public health problem, and household elimination of mosquito breeding sites is central to prevention. Digital technologies may strengthen dengue prevention by integrating health information with vector surveillance, but evidence regarding their relationship with household behavioral intention remains limited. This study evaluated household intention to eliminate mosquito breeding sites following a single-session intervention using the Geplakkin vector surveillance application. A quantitative experiment with a posttest-only control-group design was conducted in Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, from July to October 2025. A total of 320 purposively recruited participants were randomly allocated in a 3:1 ratio to the intervention (n = 240) or control group (n = 80) using a computer-generated sequence. Both groups received routine dengue-prevention education; the intervention group additionally received 15–30 minutes of training on Geplakkin, followed by immediate application use and posttest assessment. Intention was assessed using a Theory of Planned Behavior-based questionnaire. Because scores were not normally distributed, groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test. The intervention group had a higher mean intention score than the control group (45.43 ± 4.68 vs 36.73 ± 5.50), with a mean difference of 8.70 points (p < 0.001; effect size = 0.65). Thus, exposure to the single-session Geplakkin intervention was associated with higher immediate intention to eliminate mosquito breeding sites than routine education alone. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether this difference is sustained and translates into household vector-control practices.

Changes in knowledge and attitudes following menstrual hygiene education among adolescent girls in an Islamic boarding school: a one-group pretest–posttest study

2026-08-18T02:02:27+00:00

Menstrual health education is important for adolescent well-being, yet evidence from Islamic boarding schools remains limited. This study assessed changes in knowledge and attitudes immediately following menstrual hygiene education among female students at MTS Darul Huffaz, Lampung. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest design included all 86 eligible students who had experienced menarche. Participants completed a structured knowledge and attitude questionnaire before and immediately after a 15-minute, context-sensitive educational session. Paired-samples t-tests showed significant differences between pretest and post-test knowledge scores (t = 4.988, p < 0.001) and attitude scores (t = 4.297, p < 0.001). The proportion classified as having positive attitudes increased, although negative attitudes remained the most common post-test category. The session was followed by immediate improvements in knowledge and attitudes, but the absence of a comparison group and longer follow-up limits causal interpretation and assessment of sustained change. Islamic boarding schools should provide recurring menstrual health education supported by private sanitation, appropriate disposal facilities, and trained staff.

Effectiveness of modified strengthening and postural control exercise combinations on sarcopenia

2026-07-16T12:43:51+00:00

Sarcopenia is characterized by age-related losses in muscle strength and mass that contribute to mobility limitations and fall risk. This study assessed changes in lower-extremity muscle strength and anthropometric indicators following a combined strengthening and postural control program among older adults. A pre-experimental one-group pretest–posttest study was conducted with 30 purposively selected adults aged ≥60 years in the Kedungwuni II Community Health Center area. Participants completed a four-week program delivered three times weekly. Muscle strength was assessed using Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and lower-limb circumference was measured at five points around the patella. Paired changes were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Participants were predominantly women, with a mean age of 65.33 ± 4.46 years. MMT categories improved across the assessed muscle groups, with the largest reported effect sizes for the vastus lateralis, hamstrings, and vastus medialis. Reported anthropometric changes varied by measurement site. These findings provide preliminary evidence of short-term improvement in lower-extremity muscle strength following the program. However, the absence of a control group, the use of study-specific screening criteria, a small purposive sample, and the lack of direct outcome balance limit causal and clinical interpretation. Controlled studies using standardized sarcopenia criteria and functional outcomes are needed.