Ahmad Dahlan Medical Journal

The Characteristics of Pregnant Women with Anemia at Puskesmas Sanden Working Area in 2022-2023

2023-08-14T00:33:49+00:00

Anemia in pregnancy is a public health problem especially in developing countries and is associated to adverse pregnancy outcomes. The prevalence of anemia in Indonesia is relatively high. In 2018, the prevalence of anemia reached 32%. While the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women was 48.9% in the same year. Reducing the incidence of anemia in pregnant women is included in efforts to reduce maternal mortality (MMR) and morbidity or mortality in babies born. Puskesmas Sanden has a program to reduce MMR and infant mortality with one of the efforts made is to reduce the number of anemias in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of pregnant women who experience anemia in the working area of Puskesmas Sanden. This research was conducted using a descriptive method. The data were taken from secondary data, namely register data for pregnant women who carried out examinations at the Mother and Child Health Polyclinic in Puskesmas Sanden. The research respondents were all pregnant women who experienced anemia from January 1^st, 2022 to June 30^th, 2023, in which, there were 120 research respondents. Research variables include mother's age, number of parities, and upper arm circumference (UAC). The results showed that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women was 254 people. The characteristics of pregnant women who experience anemia based on age showed that there were 97 people (80.83%) pregnant women who experience anemia are dominated by women aged 21-34 years old, while there are 3 (2.5%) pregnant women with anemia aged ≤ 20 years old, and 20 pregnant women with anemia aged ≥ 35 years (16.67%). Meanwhile, based on the number of parities, in this study, the total parity of all pregnant women who were included in the research respondents was ≤ 3, which were 120 people (100%), and none of the pregnant women who had parity > 3. Then, based on UAC, there were 94 (78.33%) pregnant women with anemia had more UAC ≥ 23.5 cm, and as many as 26 pregnant women with anemia had UAC < 23.5 cm (21.67%). The conclusion of this study is that the prevalence of pregnant women at Puskesmas Sanden is still relatively high, which is 39.69%.

Management of Heart Failure in the Hospital: A Clinical Approach

2023-10-02T03:48:35+00:00

Despite tremendous breakthroughs in drug-based and device-based therapy, heart failure continues to be a serious and growing public health issue linked with substantial disability, frequent hospitalization, and large economic expenditures. Complex therapeutic options in a population with a high frequency of comorbidity and overall frailty hinder clinical care. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the care of heart failure (HF). In this study, the most recent available evidence, the indications provided by worldwide guidelines, and expert opinion on the optimal treatment for individuals with HF will be discussed. This review, according to the authors, bridges the gap between guidelines and clinical practice and presents recommendations to improve HF management.

Computer Usage Behavior Relationship Against Refraction Status in Students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang

2023-09-12T04:59:12+00:00

During the 2019 COVID pandemic, the learning process was carried out online so that the level of computer usage was higher every day. Physical disorders that often occur due to computer use in the eyes, include refractive errors, one of which is myopia. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between visual distance, sitting position and computer screen brightness on refractive status in students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Semarang. This research is an analytic observation research by design cross-sectional. The sample for this study was students from class 2019 – 2021 at the Faculty of Medicine, Muhammadiyah University, Semarang. Sampling technique using simple random sampling which selects objects at random. Researchers used the questionnaire method where the questionnaire contained written questions that had been validated. The data obtained were analyzed using the chi-square test. The number of respondents to this study was 74 students. The distance from the eye to the screen of the most respondents is close distance as many as 40 people (54.1%), The position of the most respondents when using a laptop is bending as many as 50 people (67.6%), The brightness of the laptop screen used by most respondents uses optimal brightness as much as 73 people (98.6%). Respondents who experienced an increase in myopia were 24 (32.5%). The results of this study showed that there was no relationship between distance (p 0.456), sitting position (p 0.690) and screen brightness (p 0.485) on refractive status, because both respondents the distance, position and lighting are appropriate or not, all show almost the same percentage to experience an increase in myopia.

Characteristics of Endometriosis Patients at Sultan Agung Hospital Semarang During the Period 2018 - 2019

2023-09-08T02:27:13+00:00

Endometriosis is a female gynecological disorder that is defined as the presence of ectopic growth of endometrial glands and stroma (outside the uterine cavity). Infertility, chronic pelvic pain, and dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis greatly impact the quality of life and productivity of women of reproductive age (18- 45 years). The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of risk factors for endometriosis sufferers at RSI Sultan Agung Semarang during the period 1 July 2018 to 31 July 2019. This study used a retrospective descriptive study, using medical record data of endometriosis sufferers at Sultan Agung Hospital in Semarang. The time allocation for this research was August - October 2019. Data analysis was carried out univariately on each variable from the results of this research to see the frequency and percentage distribution. The research variables were age, education level, occupation, parity, age at menarche, clinical symptoms, location of endometriosis, disease stage, and management. The results of the study showed that most endometriosis patients were of reproductive age (64.8%), with the highest education level of endometriosis patients being high school (31.5%), housewife being the most dominant occupation (44.4%), and endometriosis patients are dominated by multiparas (37%), the most common marital status is married (87%), with the main symptom frequently found being dysmenorrhea (70.4%) and the most frequently given therapy is operative (25.9%). The majority of endometriosis sufferers are of reproductive age with a high school education level and housewives.

The Relationship Between Anxiety and Compliance of Swab Officers in Using Masks During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2023-09-16T15:25:27+00:00

The Covid-19 has spread in Indonesia, including Kulon Progo, causing casualties. Symptomatic patients will interact with swab officers at Wates and Nyi Ageng Serang Regional Public Hospital it can cause anxiety for the swab officers on duty. Coping with the spread of Covid-19 is by obediently wearing a mask. Anxiety is a factor that can affect a person's compliance. This study aims to determine the relationship between anxiety levels and compliance with the use of hospital swab masks. This study used an observational analytic method with a cross-sectional study approach. The sample of this study was swab officers who served at Wates and Nyi Ageng Serang Regional Public Hospital in August-September 2022 and who had met the inclusion criteria. The sampling technique of this study used total sampling with a sample of 27 people. Of the 27 samples, only 26 respondents were appropriate with inclusion criteria. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test to test the hypotheses obtained from the answers to the questionnaire as a research instrument. From the results of the analysis, it was obtained sig (2-tailed) of 0,236 (sig> 0.05), so there was no relationship between anxiety and compliance with the use of masks for swab officers at Wates and Nyi Ageng Serang Regional Public Hospital. The conclusion is the majority of respondents were female, and there was no correlation between anxiety and compliance with swab officers' use of masks at Wates Hospital and Nyi Ageng Serang Hospital. At Wates Hospital and Nyi Ageng Serang Hospital, there is no gender difference in swab workers' compliance with mask use.

The Relationship Between Mother's Age at Childbirth and the Incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital In The Years 2017-2021

2023-08-25T02:14:14+00:00

Low Birth Weight (LBW) is a critical health issue, particularly in developing countries with low socio-economic conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that more than 80% of 2.5 million babies born worldwide each year experience deaths due to LBW. Indonesia falls into the category of countries with a significant incidence of LBW in the Southeast Asian region. In 2019, the highest Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) in Indonesia was linked to LBW cases. This research adopts a quantitative approach with an observational analytic design, focusing on the analysis of relationships between variables. The research method used is a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted at RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta in June 2023. The sampling method applied is non-probability sampling with purposive sampling variations. The research findings indicate a significant relationship between the age of mothers during childbirth and the incidence of LBW (p-value = 0.000). Rejection of the null hypothesis (H0) and acceptance of the alternative hypothesis (H1) depict a strong association between the age of mothers during childbirth and LBW incidents. The results of the Odds Ratio (OR) analysis show a figure of 10.427. Overall, this research concludes that a significant relationship exists between the age of mothers during childbirth and the occurrence of LBW. These findings highlight the potential impact of maternal age during childbirth on the risk of LBW in newborns.

This is an open access article under the CC–BY-SA license.

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Effect of Zinc Levels in COVID-19 Patients on Their Clinical Severity

2023-09-10T08:52:12+00:00

Background: COVID-19 is a new type of Coronavirus that can cause ARDS and make it a worldwide pandemic. Treatment for COVID-19 is based on the clinical severity of COVID-19. Zinc has anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant effects given as an adjuvant therapy for the treatment of COVID-19. Prolonged zinc deficiency is a risk factor for severe COVID-19.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis study used 4 databases namely ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, and PubMed. The keywords used are “Zinc” OR “Severity COVID-19” AND “Zinc Deficiency” OR “Mortality COVID-19” AND “Zinc” OR “Clinical Severity COVID-19” AND “Zinc Deficiency” OR “Clinical Severity COVID- 19”. The articles identified are articles that are relevant to the title of research, published internationally, accessed free of charge, published between 2019-2021, published in accredited journals

Results: Out of 8,330 article titles, 944 were excluded due to double counting in each database. A total of 7,371 articles were excluded because they did not match the title of the study, did not match the research method, used another language, did not match the year of publication. A total of 15 articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Five studies were included in the meta-analysis. Three studies were analyzed with the results that the average zinc level of COVID-19 patients was not much different from that of healthy patients with a mean difference of 1.73 (95% CI -39.14-42.60). Two studies were analyzed with low zinc levels in patients with severe COVID-19 associated with the need to enter the intensive care unit with an OR of 3.62 The SARS-CoV-2 virus spreads through droplets that are expelled while coughing or sneezing. Conclusion: The average zinc level of COVID-19 patients is not different from that of healthy patients, but low zinc levels in patients with severe COVID-19 are associated with the need to enter the intensive care unit.

Risk Factors of Stunting in Posyandu Serasih Puskesmas Ciptodadi Musi Rawas

2023-09-17T05:57:43+00:00

Stunting is a growth failure in children caused by chronic malnutrition for a long time. The average prevalence of stunting in Indonesia from 2005 to 2017 was 36.4% and ranked third in Southeast Asia. The stunting prevalence in South Sumatra province reached 28.98% in 2019. The study was carried out to determine the factors influencing stunting in Serasih integrated healthcare center Ciptodadi Public Health Center Musi Rawas district. The study used a descriptive observational method with data collection through primary and secondary data. It was conducted from October to November 2021 at Serasih Integrated Healthcare Center Ciptodadi Public Health Center Musi Rawas district. The populations were toddlers in Serasih integrated healthcare center with samples of 37 stunting toddlers meeting the inclusion criteria. The analysis used was univariate and presented a frequency distribution table. From the entire population, 40.2% of toddlers suffered from stunting with males (75,7%) and females (24,3%). In addition, stunting toddlers owned a normal birth weight (91.9%) and the highest education level of mothers was senior high school (64.9%). Furthermore, stunting toddlers did not get exclusive breastfeeding (56.8%) as well the average of feeding pattern for stunting toddlers (91.9%). The conclusion is that the biggest factors influencing stunting were male toddlers, mothers with the highest education level of senior high school, and toddlers who did not get exclusive breastfeeding.

The Relationship between the Incidence of Acute Otitis Media in Patients with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital

2023-10-02T13:19:36+00:00

Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is an inflammation of the middle ear caused by blockage of the Eustachian tube, impaired immune factors, and recurrent Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTI). The highest incidence of AOM can be found in developing countries. Among the numerous cases, 70% of AOM cases begin with a history of URTI. As a result of URTI history, congestion, and swelling occur in the nasal mucosa, nasopharynx, and eventually the Eustachian tube, leading to the development of AOM symptoms. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the occurrence of acute otitis media and patients with upper respiratory tract infections at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. This study is descriptive-analytical quantitative research with a cross-sectional design and retrospective study. Data collection was conducted through the collection of secondary data obtained from medical records of otitis media patients. This research was conducted from November to December 2022 at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. The research subjects consisted of 113 individuals with otitis media. This study reports the analysis of the relationship between the occurrence of acute otitis media and patients with upper respiratory tract infections. There is no significant relationship between AOM and URTI among patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital, with a p-value of 0,457. There is no relationship between the occurrence of acute otitis media and patients with upper respiratory tract infections at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital.

Factors Affecting the Anxiety Levels of Health Workers at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital in Managing Covid-19 Patients

2023-10-18T05:44:19+00:00

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the level of anxiety of health workers in handling COVID-19 patients at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital, Batam City. This study uses an observational analytic method and a cross-sectional design with data collection through primary data. The study was conducted in December 2021 – January 2022 at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Batam City with a research population of 99 health workers who were directly involved in handling COVID-19 patients with a total sample of 91 health workers who met the inclusion criteria and the sampling technique used was total sampling. The research data was taken using a questionnaire and then processed using SPSS. Of 91 respondents, 43 respondents (47.3%) did not experience anxiety, 41 respondents (45.1%) experienced mild anxiety, and 7 respondents (7.7%) experienced moderate anxiety. Based on the results of Kendall's Tau-b analysis, there was no relationship between age, gender, family status, level of knowledge, and availability of PPE on the anxiety level of health workers at Budi Kemuliaan Hospital Batam City (p>0.05). The conclusion is no factors that affect the anxiety level of workers' health. Further research is needed to analyze other factors that influence anxiety with different methods and measuring instruments.

The Relationship Between Parenting and Video Games of Addiction Trends During COVID-19 Pandemic in Adolescents at Muhammadiyah 1 Senior High School Yogyakarta

2023-08-14T01:17:23+00:00

The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on school closures and social distancing. Teenagers spend time playing video games to overcome boredom, as a result, teenagers are increasingly attached to video games so they are at risk of experiencing addiction that has a negative impact on behavior and social. Parenting patterns determine and prevent the risk of video game addiction in adolescents. The three types of parenting are authoritarian, democratic, and permissive. Choosing the wrong parenting style can increase the risk of video game addiction in adolescents. This research is a non-experimental, descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The research subjects were students of first-grade SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta. GAS was an instrument to measure game addiction. PAQ was an instrument to measure parenting style. Total of the research subjects 168, 7 subjects were excluded, and 161 subjects were obtained who play video games with authoritarian parenting 21 (13.0%), permissive 14 (8.7%), and democratic 126 (78.3%). There is a significant relationship between parenting styles and tendencies toward video game addiction (x2=13.17, p=0.001, C=0.275). Type of parenting authoritarian, permissive, and gender has a significant effect on the tendency of video game addiction, with (OR=6.05 for authoritarian, OR=6.3 for permissive, and OR=5.3 for gender). There is a significant relationship between parenting style and the tendency of video game addiction in adolescents at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta. Authoritarian and permissive, as well as gender are the most influential factors in the behavior of video game addiction tendencies in teenagers at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Yogyakarta.

The Influence of Age on Visual Acuity in Postoperative Senile Cataract Patients Undergoing Phacoemulsification at Klinik Mata Dr. Imam

2023-10-17T02:19:26+00:00

Cataracts caused by aging are called senile cataracts. Phacoemulsification is the gold standard surgical method for cataract therapy. Postoperative visual acuity can be influenced by age. The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of visual acuity and the influence of age on visual acuity in postoperative senile cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification at Klinik Mata Dr. Imam. This study is retrospective research with a cross-sectional design. The data collected are secondary data from medical records, with a total of 106 respondents. The results of the univariate analysis showed that the majority of senile cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification were in the elderly age group (55-65 years) with 42 cases (39.6%), male patients with 56 cases (52.8%), and 61 cases (57.5%) underwent surgery on the right eye. The best-corrected visual acuity in postoperative senile cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification at Klinik Mata Dr. Imam was found on the 21st day. The largest proportion of patients achieving best-corrected visual acuity that meets the good standard set by WHO (6/6 - 6/18) was in the elderly age group (55-65 years) with 39 cases (41.5%), male patients with 50 cases (53.2%), and surgeries on the right eye with 52 cases (55.3%). Bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test and showed a significant influence between age and visual acuity in postoperative senile cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification (p-value = 0.011). In conclusion, there is a significant influence of age on visual acuity in postoperative senile cataract patients undergoing phacoemulsification..

Potential Asiatic Acid in Centella asiatica (L.) Urban Towards NMDA Receptors of Alzheimer Dementia Patients In Silico

2023-10-04T05:32:38+00:00

Alzheimer's dementia can occur due to an increase in the neurotransmitter glutamate which can affect synaptic plasticity. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban is considered as one of the herbal plants used in the treatment of various diseases, such as medicine for leprosy, thrush, fever, hypertension, diabetes, and anemia and has a high antioxidant effect, one of the active ingredients is asiatic acid. This research to determine asiatic acid potential for NMDA receptors in Alzheimer's dementia. This research is an experimental research using a computer. The applications used were PyMOL for ligand preparation, PyRx for docking, and LigPlot for amino acid residue analysis. The interaction of receptor ligand binding is seen from the binding affinity score, the smaller the binding affinity score, the greater the potential between the ligand-receptors to interact. The pharmacokinetics of a compound are based on Lipinski's rule. In this study, the binding affinity score of - 8.3 was obtained and the Lipinski test showed the result of 'yes'.

Husband and Family Support in Postpartum Depression Mothers at PDHI Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital

2023-10-22T11:58:17+00:00

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a psychological illness that affects mothers after giving birth and can last for up to two years. Its symptoms include sadness, anger, fatigue, loneliness, feeling undervalued, and even thoughts of suicide or harming others. These circumstances may harm the mother, impede the growth of the child, and have an impact on the mother's family, needing help from the husband and family. This study at the PDHI Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital intends to ascertain the association between husband and family support and the prevalence of PPD. This research is a quantitative study that uses an observational-analytical method with a cross-sectional design. The sample was taken using probability sampling techniques, resulting in 29 postpartum mothers as participants. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire is used to identify PPD symptoms. The results of the study showed that out of the 29 samples, 14 mothers experienced PPD (48.3%). The percentage of mothers who did not receive husband support was 20.3%, and those who did not receive family support was 13.8%. Bivariate analysis using the Fisher’s Exact Test showed a p-value of 0.006 for husband support and a p-value of 0.042 for family support. These values are considered valid because p < α (0.05). Thus, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between husband and family support with PPD incidence in postpartum mothers at PDHI Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital.

Teenage Pregnancy and Its Outcome: A Scoping Review

2023-10-22T01:10:50+00:00

Pregnant teenagers are deemed high risk and detrimental to motherhood and birth, as well as one of the world's major health issues, contributing to maternal and infant mortality and migration. Pregnancy Teenagers account for 11% of all births worldwide, with some large occurrences occurring in countries with intermediate income levels due to a variety of circumstances. Study The goal of this study is to learn about the effects of pregnancy on teenagers. Study This is a study scoping review that uses search tactics utilizing the keywords "teenage pregnancy, maternal, outcome, complications" in PubMed, Scopus, and other search databases for the time period 2018—2023. This study involves 19 publications with results risk maternal complications in pregnant teenagers like preeclampsia, eclampsia, anemia, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal tear, hyperthyroidism, oligohydramnios, infection channel urinary tract infection, condylomatosis, vaginal infection, HIV infection, infection syphilis, childbirth congestion, amniotic fluid broke premature birth, abortion, premature birth, and degree of maternal morbidity heavy. In newborns, outcomes included IUGR, low birth weight, preterm, needed bag valve mask resuscitation at birth, stillbirth, and neonatal mortality. Finally, pregnant teenagers have negative outcomes _ good for the mother or kid. That can become a vicious circle of negative consequences for health and the economy, so we must make an effort to reduce the impact of unfortunate pregnancies on youths.

Needle Stick Injury among Medical Students: Scoping Review

2023-10-30T03:04:01+00:00

Needle stick injury (NSI) is one of the occupational hazards in the healthcare sector. Needle stick injury refers to the accident of a percutaneous piercing wound caused by a potentially contaminated instrument with a person’s body fluid. Medical students are high-risk people who contact with needles and body fluids. This study aims to assess the prevalence, incidence, knowledge, awareness, and level of NSI reporting among medical students. Systematic searches were conducted with specific keywords in 4 databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases from 2018 to 2023. A total of eight articles were selected for analysis. They presented descriptively. The study revealed that the prevalence of NSI was varied, ranging from 2,7% to 8%. The incidence rate of NSI was 1,26% to 9,6%. The majority of the studies showed that the knowledge level of medical students was not satisfactory, but they had good awareness and good practice toward needle stick injury prevention. Contrarily, it was found that medical students had a low level of NSI reporting. Hence, it is important to make the medical students understand and aware of NSI, have good practice, and stick to the standardized protocol for NSI, including how to report it correctly.